Profits Interest in a Service Partnership: Entrance and Forfeiture Under the 2005 Proposed Regulations

In May 2005 the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the Treasury Department issued proposed regulations and a revenue procedure that covered the federal income tax consequences of partnership equity transferred in connection with the performance of partnership services. A notable context in which the proposed regulations and revenue procedure may apply is the practice of law. For example, a law firm associate may become eligible for the coveted title of partner after several years of employment with his law firm. Depending on the law firm\u27s structure, the associate-now-partner may act as a pure service partner whereby he will make no further contribution to the partnership other than his continued provision of services. In exchange, the new partner is entitled to an ownership share of the partnership\u27s profits in addition to his regular salary. Thus, with the exception of a higher billing rate and an increased level of authority over the younger associates, the partner\u27s duties remain largely the same as they were when the partner was an associate. Moreover, the time may come when the partner will leave his firm and either retire or seek other employment. As a result, his compensation will cease, and assuming that he has no desire to take clients with him, speaking in terms of tangibles, he will walk away with little more than what he started with-a law degree and a license to practice law. As simple as the above scenario seems, tax practice in this area has been a topic of debate, confusion, and impending change. Commentators have expressed varying opinions on the subject, and the tax bar has extensively critiqued the recent proposed changes in this area of law. This Comment will focus on two narrow aspects of the scenario described above: (1) the entering of a service partner for a profits interest to a service partnership, a partnership in which substantially all of its activities involve the provision of services; and (2) the later forfeiture by the partner of the profits interest. The purpose of this Comment is to describe the current law and methods of practice in this area. In addition, this Comment will highlight and analyze areas of importance that a practitioner should understand if the proposed methods become final. Finally, this Comment will conclude by noting a few areas that are in need of clarification by the IRS and the Treasury Department before finalization of the proposed scheme

« C’est déjà les parents qu’il faudrait éduquer ! »

L’observation ethnographique d’entretiens enseignante-parents (n = 150), dans ces écoles du canton de Genève, renseigne sur les pratiques vernaculaires des enseignantes relevant d’une éducation des parents. Celle-ci, propice aux tâtonnements, se réalise toutefois de manière implicite et s’avère dotée de faibles ressources. Dans ce texte, nous analysons comment les enseignantes s’y prennent pour agir, quelles tactiques elles mettent en œuvre et quelles postures variées sont construites dans la relation de conseil aux parents. Il s’agit d’en montrer les effets sur la communication interindividuelle dans l’entretien et sur la réception variée des parents, laquelle tient à leurs propres attentes, à la situation scolaire de leur enfant, à leurs ressources pour faire face à ces difficultés, mais aussi aux capacités, elles-mêmes diverses, des enseignantes à agir avec tact sur un terrain éminemment sensible.In schools located in socially underprivileged areas, more than anywhere else, the necessity to educate parents constitutes a constant in the behind-the-scenes relationship with the teachers. The ethnographic observation of teacher-parent meetings (n =150) in this schools in the canton of Geneva give insight into the teachers’ vernacular practices aiming to educate parents. However, this practice is undertaken in implicit manner, supported by few resources and often reduced to trial and error. In this text, we will analyze how teachers take action, the tactics they use and the various positions they adopt in the guidance they give to parents. We will show the resulting effects on the interindividual communication in the meetings and on the parents’ reactions, which reflect their own expectations, the situation of their child in school, the resources available to them to deal with the child’s difficulties, as well as the often-diverse capabilities of the teachers to act with tact in a highly sensitive context.En las escuelas situadas en contextos sociales desfavorecidos, la necesidad de «educar a los padres» constituye, más que en otros lugares, una constante de los entresijos educativos. La observación etnográfica de las entrevistas entre padres y docentes (n = 150) en estas escuelas del cantón de Ginebra, nos informa sobre las prácticas vernáculas de los docentes derivadas de una educación de los padres. No obstante, todo lo anterior, propicio al tanteo, se realiza de manera implícita y su dotación de recursos se revela escasa. En este texto, analizamos cómo los docentes se las arreglan para actuar, qué tácticas adoptan y qué posturas diferentes se construyen en la relación de asesoramiento a los padres. Se trata de mostrar los efectos sobre la comunicación interindividual en la entrevista y sobre la variedad de reacciones por parte de los padres, la cual depende de sus propias expectativas, de la situación escolar del menor, de sus recursos para hacer frente a estas dificultades, pero también de las capacidades, también diversas, de los docentes para actuar con tacto sobre un terreno eminentemente sensible

Presence of task-1 channel in the laryngeal mucosa in the newborn lamb

Nearly 40 potassium channels have been described in respiratory epithelial cells. Of these are found several members of the 4-transmembrane domain, 2-pore K(+) channel family (K2P family), namely Twik-1 and -2, Trek-1 and -2, Task-2, -3, and -4, Thik-1, and KCNK7. The aim of this study was to verify whether the Twik-related acid-sensitive K(+) channel, subtype 1 (Task-1) (also known as KCNK3), is present in the laryngeal mucosa in the newborn lamb. Through the use of immunohistochemistry and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, results indicate that Task-1 protein and mRNA are present in the laryngeal mucosa, in both the ciliated, pseudostratified columnar (respiratory) epithelium and the nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. The complete ovine Task-1 protein sequence showed high homology levels with previously reported mouse, bovine, and human Task-1 sequences. This includes a complete homology for the C-terminal amino acid sequence, which is mandatory for protein trafficking to the cell membrane. These results represent the first demonstration that Task-1, a pH-sensitive channel responsible for setting membrane potential, is present in the laryngeal mucosa of a newborn mammal