Summary of the experimental design of the somatic cell preparation and the various treatments applied, i.e. storage in milk or PBS for 72 h, variation of the centrifugation rates and heat treatment.

<p>Summary of the experimental design of the somatic cell preparation and the various treatments applied, i.e. storage in milk or PBS for 72 h, variation of the centrifugation rates and heat treatment.</p

Cell viability with various centrifugation rates (400, 1500, 3000, 5000×<i>g</i> during 10 min at 4°C) comparing to the reference milk cell suspension without supplementary centrifugation (Ref).

<p>(A) Boxplot and whiskers of flow cytometry results with milk somatic cell suspensions incubated with specific antibodies and vioblue live/dead kit (n = 4); (B) Cell viability of each type cell for 400×<i>g</i> (white bars), 1500×<i>g</i> (hatched bars), 3000×<i>g</i> (grey bars), 5000×<i>g</i> (dark bars) centrifugations by flow cytometry; (C) Mean proportion of macrophages (dark sectors), PMNs (grey sectors) and lymphocytes (white sectors) in cell samples under various centrifugation with different gravitational velocities. Means with different superscripts (a-d) differ significantly (<i>P</i><0.05).</p

Flow cytometry scatter pattern for the identification of differential somatic cells in blood-milk mix cell suspension (1/1, v/v) and corresponding isotype control sample, respectively.

<p>(A) FSC/SSC dotplot of cell suspension. All somatic cells (in yellow) in cell suspension (B) were identified by CD45/PerCp+. The subpopulation of cell suspension in APC/FITC dotplot (C), macrophages (red), PMNs (blue) and lymphocytes (green) are identified by CD14/APC+ gate in APC/SSC plot (D), CH138A/FITC+ gate in FITC/SSC plot (E), and FSC/SSC size/granularity gate (F), respectively.</p

Flow cytometry identification of differential somatic cell count and simultaneous their quantification of all cells and each cell type.

<p>(A)(B)(C) fresh blood cell suspension, (D)(E)(F) milk cell suspension after 80°C × 30 min and (G)(H)(I)milk cell suspension conserved at 4°C in PBS pH 7.4. The cell subpopulations of each sample were shown in APC/FITC dotplot (A)(D)(G), the viable and non-viable population of all cells and each subpopulation were shown in histogram-Vioblue scatter (B)(E)(H) and (C)(F)(I), respectively.</p

Pramoedya Ananta Toer and China: The Transformation of a Cultural Intellectual

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Irradiation configurations, white blood cells counts and spleen weight in highly-irradiated rats with bone marrow protection.

<p>A: Irradiation configurations. Rats were irradiated at 12 Gy gamma ray dose using à ⁶⁰Co gamma source, with either the two hind limbs (“hind limbs-protected”) or the head and the two fore limbs (“head-protected”) protected behind a lead wall. Detailed description of irradiation configurations is included in the material and methods section. B: Kinetic of white blood cells counts in hind limbs- and head-protected rats irradiated at 12 Gy. White blood cells counts were performed from whole blood collected by retro-orbital puncture just before euthanasia. For each day post-irradiation (1, 4, 10, 21, 31, 37, 50, 59, 71, 101), data represent average values obtained from 4–5 hind limbs-protected rats, 4–5 head-protected rats and 5 age-matched control rats from the same batch. C: Kinetic of spleen weight recovery in hind limbs- and head-protected rats. Rat spleens were weighed 4, 21, 50, 59, 71 and 101 days after irradiation. For each day after irradiation, data represent average values obtained from 4–5 hind limbs-protected rats, 4–5 head-protected rats and 5 age-matched control rats. Control and irradiated rats received Enrofloxacin treatment. (*** (p<0.001); ** (p<0.01); * (p<0.05); n.s.: not significant).</p

Kinetic analysis of plasma haptoglobin and corticosterone levels in 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection.

<p>A: Plasma haptoglobin level was measured using a Hitachi 912 automatic analyser. For each day post-irradiation (1, 4, 10, 21, 31, 37, 50, 59, 71, 101), data represent average values obtained from the plasma of 4–5 hind limbs-protected rats, 4–5 head-protected rats and 5 age-matched control rats from the same batch. All animals were treated with Enrofloxacin. Insert shows average values of haptoglobin plasma levels obtained by pooling data from 10 to 101 days post-irradiation. The number of rats used is indicated on the bar chart. B: Plasma corticosterone levels were measured using enzyme immunoassays (EIA) kits. For each day post-irradiation (1, 4, 10, 21, 31, 37, 50, 59, 71, 101), data represent average values obtained from the plasma of hind limbs-protected rats, head-protected rats and age-matched control rats from the same batch. All animals were treated with Enrofloxacin. (*** (p<0.001); ** (p<0.01); * (p<0.05); n.s.: not significant).</p

Histological analysis of liver, kidney and ileum damages in 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection 64 days post-irradiation.

<p>A: Representative pictures of liver sections stained with HES for control rats and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with either hind limbs or head protection. (V: Vessel, DHR: Disorganised Hepatocyte Rows, bHe: ballooned Hepatocytes). Control and irradiated rats were treated with Enrofloxacin. B: Representative pictures of kidney sections stained with HES for control rats and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with either hind limbs or head protection. (G: Glomerulus, DG: Dysmorphic Glomerulus, PT: Proximal Tubule, DT: Distal Tubule). Control and irradiated rats were treated with Enrofloxacin. C: Representative pictures of ileum sections stained with HES for control rats and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with either hind limbs or head protection. (Vi: Villus, C: Chorion, Cr: Crypt, MM: Muscular Mucosa). Control and irradiated rats were treated with Enrofloxacin. D: Measurements of villus length/width and villus number/mm performed using ileum HES staining images. Data on left and middle graphs represent the average of 12 measurements (from 3 rats in each condition). Analysis was performed from 3 control rats, 3 control rats treated with Enrofloxacin, 3 hind limbs-protected and 3 head-protected rats irradiated at 12 Gy. Both groups of 12 Gy-Irradiated rats received Enrofloxacin treatment. (*** (p<0.001); * (p<0.05); n.s.: not significant).</p

Histological scores of severity obtained for liver, kidney and ileum in control and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection 64 days post-irradiation.

<p>A: Bar chart showing cumulative histological scores for liver in control (treated or not with Enrofloxacin) and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection (treated with Enrofloxacin). B: Bar chart showing cumulative histological scores for kidney in control (treated or not with Enrofloxacin) and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection (treated with Enrofloxacin). C: Bar chart showing cumulative histological scores for kidney in control (treated or not with Enrofloxacin) and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection (treated with Enrofloxacin). Data were obtained from 3 controls, 3 controls treated with Enrofloxacin, 3 hind limbs-protected rats irradiated at 12 Gy and 3 head-protected rats irradiated at 12 Gy. (*** (p<0.001); ** (p<0.01); * (p<0.05); n.s.: not significant).</p

Evolution of body weight and plasma albumin levels in 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection.

<p>A: Body weight evolution for controls (5 rats) and 12 Gy-irradiated rats with either hind limbs (5 rats) or head protected (4 rats). All rats received antibiotic support (Enrofloxacin). Measurements of body weight were performed every 2–3 days. The arrow on the graph indicates late average body weight loss for hind limbs-protected rats. The evolution of body weight is represented for rat groups euthanized 101 days after irradiation. The same body weight evolution was observed for all groups of hind limbs-, head-protected and control rats euthanized earlier after irradiation. (*** (p0.001) significant versus control + enrofloxacin; § (p<0.05): significant versus head-protected). B: Kinetic analysis of plasma albumin levels in 12 Gy-irradiated rats with hind limbs or head protection. Plasma albumin levels were measured using a Hitachi 912 automatic analyser. For each day post-irradiation (1, 4, 10, 21, 31, 37, 50, 59, 71, 101), data represent average values obtained from the plasma of 4–5 hind limbs-protected rats, 4–5 head-protected rats and 5 age-matched control rats from the same batch. All animals were treated with Enrofloxacin. (** (p<0.01); * (p<0.05); n.s.: not significant).</p