Evolution of platelet functions in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation: A prospective exploration over a month - Fig 3

<p><b>Boxplots at different time points for (A) 10 μM ADP-induced platelet aggregation, (B) 1.5 mM arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, (C) 20 μM TRAP-induced platelet aggregation, (D) 1 mg/mL ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination, (E) platelet microvesicles as a % of total platelet count, (F) soluble CD62P.</b> Horizontal lines show median values and the 25–75 percentiles. Pre LT: pre liver transplantation.</p

Baseline characteristics of the study population at inclusion and quality of the liver graft.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the study population at inclusion and quality of the liver graft.</p

Evolution of platelet functions in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation: A prospective exploration over a month - Fig 2

<p><b>(A) Boxplots for platelet count and (B) CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor stem cells at different time points.</b> Horizontal lines show median values and the 25–75 percentiles. Pre LT: pre liver transplantation.</p

Baseline and evolution of the biological parameters of the 50 patients with the 3 time-point available data.

<p>Baseline and evolution of the biological parameters of the 50 patients with the 3 time-point available data.</p

Flow chart.

<p>LT: Liver transplantation.</p

Selection of <i>P. cynomolgi</i> PE-uni forms prior to screening for hypnozoiticidal activity.

<p>Cultures were treated with atovaquone (ATQ) at 67 ng/ml (182 nM) for three days starting on Day 5 post-inoculation in order to eliminate the mat-PE parasites. Subsequently the cultures were either left untreated, treated for a further two days with ATQ (as above), or primaquine (PQ) at 10 µg/ml (22 nM). The cultures were then stopped by methanol fixation on Day 10 and the hepatic forms present enumerated. The data was representative of three independent experiments. *, <i>p</i><0.05.</p

Maturation dynamics of cultured <i>P. falciparum</i> and <i>P. cynomolgi</i> hepatic forms.

<p>The proportion of PE forms at different stages of maturation (as assessed by the extent of nuclear division) is presented for cultures of increasing age. Uninucleate parasite forms correspond to the small forms (PE-uni) shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0018162#pone-0018162-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>, while all others correspond to the mat-PE forms. The data was representative of three independent experiments.</p

Dose-response curves for primaquine, atovaquone and pyrimethamine against the distinct hepatic forms observed for <i>P. falciparum</i> and <i>P. cynomolgi</i>.

<p>The infected primary hepatocyte cultures were exposed to the varying drug concentrations from Day 5 to Day 8 post-inoculation and fixed on D8. The curves obtained for the PE-uni forms are presented in red, while those for the Mat-PE forms are presented in black. The data was representative of two independent assays for pyrimethamine (for both parasite species) and for primaquine (<i>P. falciparum</i>); and of three independent experiments for atovaquone (both parasite species) and primaquine (<i>P. cynomolgi</i>). *, p<0.05.</p

Slow growing and normally developing pre-erythrocytic (PE) forms.

<p>Two types of hepatic parasites can be clearly distinguished from days 5 post-infection onwards, in <i>in vitro</i> cultured human or <i>M. fascicularis</i> primary hepatocytes infected with <i>P. falciparum</i> or <i>P. cynomolgi</i> sporozoites, respectively. The representative photomicrographs were made on cultures fixed on Day 5 and Day 11 post-infection. The parasite and host nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue), while the parasites are labelled by an antibody specific to the HSP70 of the two parasite species (green). Mature PE forms (Mat-PE) and uninucleate small PE forms (PE-uni) are clearly distinguishable.</p