Seroprevalence of anti-PT IgG concentrations according to the village and visit for children younger (panel A) and older than 3 years (panel B).

<p>Chi-square test between seropositive children (anti-PT IgG concentration >30 IU/ml) and seronegative children at each visit within villages: panel A.: Agniam, <b>p = 0.3588</b>; Fanaye, p = 0.5227; Niandane, p = 0.4056; Pendao, p = 0.4276; Guédé, p = 0.9928; panel B.: Agniam, <b>p<0.0008</b>; Fanaye, p = 0.7641; Niandane, p = 0.2280; Pendao, p = 0.3292; Guédé, p = 0.1754.</p

Anti-PT seroprevalence at T1 in all villages according to age category.

a<p>Chi-square test has been performed.</p>b<p>Kruskal-Wallis test between IgG responses according to the villages.</p>c<p>Mann-Whitney test has been performed for children of the same villages.</p

PT-IgG >30 IU/ml at T1 according to age categories and villages.

<p>Percentages of children with PT-IgG >30 IU/ml at the first visit in every village.</p><p>Total number of children within age category is in brackets.</p

Flow of participants through the study.

<p>Flow of participants through the study.</p

Description of the cohort at the beginning of the survey (T1).

a<p>ANOVA test of age differences between children of all villages, and between ages of children of all villages according to their vaccination status.</p>b<p>Chi-square test to assess the gender distribution among villages and distribution of children within villages according to their vaccination status.</p><p>2 children were not vaccinated, one from Fanaye, and the other from Pendao.</p

PT-IgG responses at T1.

a<p>One-way ANOVA between IgG responses according to villages.</p>b<p>Chi-square test between seroprevalence according to villages.</p

Seroconversion throughout the visits in each village.

<p>Chi-square test between number of seroconverters (sera becoming newly positive to PT) and rest of population from the village.</p

Time of first clinical BT appearance ([A], [C]) and the duration ([B], [D]) between this time and the first outbreak notification to the Authorities (87 first outbreaks in province of Liège).

<p>Date: day/month/year; [A] and [B]: 57 cattle outbreaks; [C] and [D]: 30 sheep outbreaks; For [B] and [D], the vertical dotted line corresponds to a duration of 7 days.</p

Design of the retrospective surveys.

<p>Design of the retrospective surveys.</p

Temporal [A] and spatial [B] distributions of 2 disease non specific indicators at the dairy herd level.

<p>DMY: Drop in milk yield (mean by animal and monthly milk control expressed in kilograms); MCS: mean cellular score; ▪: DMY or increase in MCS; nd: Not determined; 1 to 12: Months for 2006 or 2007, respectively; For [B], X axis and Y axis are geographical Lambert coordinates; Li: Province of Liège; Br: Province of Brabant Wallon; Na: Province of Namur; Lu: Province of Luxembourg; Ha: Province of Hainaut; BE: Belgium; DE: Germany.</p