Methods of assessing binder removal time in PIM

Approaches to determining the time required to remove the organic vehicle from powder injection moldings are assessed in terms of their practical viability and associated errors, The binder used was a polyacetal that can be removed by a catalytic shrinking unreacted core reaction in the solid state with minimal disruption to the organisation of particles, The complete removal time can be obtained by direct observation of the binder-powder inferface, by gravimetric methods, by calculation from model equations, from temperature differences caused by enthalpy changes or by measuring the reaction product concentration in the gas stream, A new method based on the temperature sensitivity of the gas outlet after-burner to the presence of degradation products was developed and used successfully, The influence of the amount of material in the oven is also discussed and is occommodated by the new method

Univariate analysis of the effect of age and gender on clinical BU forms and lesion location in 476 laboratory-confirmed BU treated patients at CDTUB—Allada from 2005 to 2013 (binary logistic regression).

<p>^a upper body lesions: head + neck + upper limbs + thorax + abdomen</p><p>^b dominant clinical form</p><p>Univariate analysis of the effect of age and gender on clinical BU forms and lesion location in 476 laboratory-confirmed BU treated patients at CDTUB—Allada from 2005 to 2013 (binary logistic regression).</p

Univariate analysis of the effect of age and gender on severe BU forms in 476 laboratory-confirmed BU treated patients at CDTUB—Allada from 2005 to 2013 (binary logistic regression).

<p>Univariate analysis of the effect of age and gender on severe BU forms in 476 laboratory-confirmed BU treated patients at CDTUB—Allada from 2005 to 2013 (binary logistic regression).</p

Prevalence of severe BU lesions.

<p>Representative images of (A) multifocal lesions, (B) large lesions (>15cm), (C) WHO Category 3 lesions, and the percentage of each clinical presentation.</p

Time-delay to seek medical care related to clinical BU forms.

<p>Time-delay to seek medical care related to (A) clinical form N—nodule; P—plaque; E—edema; U—ulcer; O—osteomyelitis and (B) non-ulcerative vs. ulcerative lesions. Circles represent the outliers and asterisks represent the extreme outliers. Statistical significance was calculated using Welch's <i>t</i>-test. Differences with a p-value of ≤0.05 were considered significant.</p

Age, gender, clinical BU lesion, and lesion location.

<p>Age (≤15 years old, >15 years old), gender, and clinical BU forms according to lesion distribution throughout the three major areas of the body (lower limbs, upper limbs, and head+trunk).</p

Time-delay to seek medical care related to severe BU forms.

<p>(A) multifocality (multifocal vs. unifocal lesions); (B) lesion size (≤15cm vs. >15cm); (C) WHO Category (Category 3 vs. category 1+2). Circles represent the outliers and asterisks represent the extreme outliers. Statistical significance was calculated using Welch's <i>t</i>-test. Differences with a p-value of ≤0.05 were considered significant.</p