Evaluation of the impacts of cage culture of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on Macrobenthos in the Golestan Reservoir

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rainbow trout cages culture on the distribution, density and biomass of macrobenthic organisms and total organic matter, nitrate and phosphate in the Golestan reservoir. Sampling was carried out monthly at four stations including 1 (below cage), 2 (50 meters after the cage), 3 (150 meters after the cage) and 4 (control with a distance of 1km after the cage) using a grab with 0/0225 m2 area. A total of 4 species of macrobenthic organisms were identified. The results showed that the density and biomass of macrobenthos were significantly higher in cage station compared to control station during the course of cage culture (p0.05). The highest total organic matter, nitrate and phosphate in sediment were found in winter and in cage station that showed significant differences with control station (p<0.05). In conclusion,during cage culture the density and biomass of macrobenthos organisms, total organic matter, nitrate and phosphate in cage station were higher than those of other stations in which can be duo to fish cage activity and its effects on organisms

Corresponding Author The effect of Natural Uranium bed on aflatoxin reduction of pistachio

ABSTRACT Nowadays, the separation of pistachios which seem to have aflatoxin is done according to their organoleptic physical qualities like color and etc. As these methods are not fully practical, and there is always a possibility of error and also the conditions like the wrong time harvest, the transportation of picked pistachios, the delay on the processing cause some contaminations in pistachios which do not have particular physical qualities and which are not separable and the detoxification methods must be surveyed. In this paper, the effect of Gamma, Beta, and Alpha rays from natural uranium activity on Aflatoxin reduction was analyzed. Beta and Alpha rays don&apos;t pass through the exterior shell of pistachio. Therefore, we need to consider only Gamma rays. So, the Aflatoxin infected pistachios were put into two thick cast iron containers (steam boilers), which one of them included natural uranium soil and the other normal soil and the pistachios were kept there for ten days. Then, the amounts of Aflatoxin in the two boilers were measured by HPLC method and the data were compared. The results show that the B1 Aflatoxin in the natural uranium boiler has reduced from 134.85 ng/g to 72.28 ng/g where as the B1 Aflatoxin in the normal soil boiler has not changed at all. This cheap method on Aflatoxin reduction can cause the increase on pistachio export, improvement of economic situation of the society, reduction of cancer contamination and increase of the society health

Advanced Imaging in Multiple Myeloma: New Frontiers for MRI

Plasma cell dyscrasias are estimated to newly affect almost 40,000 people in 2022. They fall on a spectrum of diseases ranging from relatively benign to malignant, the malignant end of the spectrum being multiple myeloma (MM). The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) has traditionally outlined the diagnostic criteria and therapeutic management of MM. In the last two decades, novel imaging techniques have been employed for MM to provide more information that can guide not only diagnosis and staging, but also treatment efficacy. These imaging techniques, due to their low invasiveness and high reliability, have gained significant clinical attention and have already changed the clinical practice. The development of functional MRI sequences such as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) or intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) has made the functional assessment of lesions feasible. Moreover, the growing availability of positron emission tomography (PET)&ndash;magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners is leading to the potential combination of sensitive anatomical and functional information in a single step. This paper provides an organized framework for evaluating the benefits and challenges of novel and more functional imaging techniques used for the management of patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, notably MM

Low expression of LncRNA-CAF attributed to the high expression of HIF1A in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cancer patients

Purpose: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major components of tumor microenvironment that stimulate ESCC and GC progression. The LncRNA-CAF, FLJ22447, is located in the vicinity of HIF1A, while their association remains unclear. This study aims to assess the FLJ22447 expression in the ESCC and GC patients and evaluate its association with the HIF1A gene. Methods: Fresh ESCC and GC tumor samples and their adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected from patients who underwent surgery in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The expression of FLJ22447, HIF1A, and VEGF was evaluated using qRT-PCR test. The association of their expression with tumor clinicopathological features in ESCC patients was assessed. System biology tools were then applied for the possible biological subsequences of the FLJ22447. Results: A significant reduction in FLJ22447 expression was observed in ESCC and GC tissues than adjacent non-tumor tissues, while, the expression of HIF1A and VEGF were increased. Low expression of FLJ22447 was significantly correlated with HIF1A (P = 2.4e�73, R = 0.63) and VEGF (P = 0.00019, R = 0.15) expression. A significant relationship was detected between the high expression of HIF1A and tumor stages (I�II) and it was related to the reduced survival of ESCC patients. Conversely, increased VEGF expression was linked to the advanced stages (III�IV) and metastasis in ESCC. The analysis of FLJ22447-interacted proteins showed that MYC, JUN, SMRCA4, PPARG, AR, FOS, and CEBPA are the hub genes. These proteins were implicated in the cancer related pathways. Among them, SPI1, E2F1, TCF7L2, and STAT1 were significantly expressed in esophageal and gastric cancers that were functionally involved in the proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis pathways in cancer. Conclusion: The results suggested that FLJ22447 may have a regulatory function on the HIF1A expression. We identified the FLJ22447-interacted proteins and their molecular function in cancer pathogenesis. Further research emphasis is to realize the association of FLJ22447 with its protein partners in progression of cancer. These may provide an insight into the FLJ22447 activity that could introduce it as a potential value in tumor gene therapy. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V