Progress report towards preventing cow rabies in Mallard, Iran: policies and monitoring measures

Rabies is one of the most common viral and fetal diseases between humans and animals known as a zoonotic disease. Approximately 99% human rabies deaths occur in developing countries. Health care and follow up programs conducted for all the rabies cases are one of the important priorities for health care system in Iran to prevent the rabies incidence. The purpose of this study is to describe the cow rabies status and the health care programs conducted to the successful elimination of this deadly disease in one of the largest cowsheds in Mallard city in Iran during 2014. After founding the rabies incidence in one of the largest cowsheds in Mallard city in Iran, the crisis committee was held immediately and control measures including isolation, complete quarantine, vaccination of residents, and other sanitation measures were achieved in cooperation with the responsible organizations. During this incidence, 23 calves, cows and heifers were died. By conducting an integrated program and method, the numerous stakeholders contributed to the successful elimination of this fatal disease. In order to control the rabies, it is essential to educate the public on the prevention of the disease, especially in areas where the disease is more prevalence. Therefore, cooperation between the institutions involved in the disease control and planning for emergency disease eradication are essential to prevent the rabies infection among pets, especially livestoc

Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Preschool Children in Northwest of Tehran, Iran

Background: Nowadays childhood overweight and obesity are considered as a global epidemic, the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing in the Iran. Aim and Objectives: For prevention and control the disease, knowledge of population statistics of obesity and overweight is essential, so this study aimed to determine the prevalence obesity and overweight and related factor in preschool children in northwest of Tehran in 2015. Material and Methods: This crosssectional study was performed on 17484 preschool children aged 5-7 in northwest of Tehran (Regions 2, 5 and 6 of Tehran Municipality), capital of Iran. Data collection was performed by 11 general practitioner and 24 trained experts that measuring height by Nonelastic tape measure with an accuracy of 1 cm, and weight by Analog scales SECA brand with accuracy 100 g between May until the end of October 2014, and WHO Child Growth Standards is used to classify overweight and obesity. Data analysis is done by using SPSS.11.5 software and chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children was respectively 20 and 6.8, prevalence of obesity and overweight was different based on sex (p=0.001), so the prevalence of obesity in girls was higher than boys and the prevalence of overweight in boys was higher than girls. Also prevalence of obesity children in 7 year age was higher compared children 5, 6 years old. Conclusion: Our findings showed a relatively high prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children, therefore, the plan for the control and prevention of the problem must be a high priority for health policy maker, also further epidemiological studies into the etiology and trend are essential