Recruitment Methods Used by Software Industry in Pakistan: Issues and Concerns

The research aims to examine the relationship between the organization size and the recruitment methods used. It also examines the differences in recruitment methods for filling the managerial and non managerial positions and exploring possible reasons for switching between these methods among IT organizations. We found that there is a significant relationship between the organization size and the frequency of recruitment. The smaller organizations tend to recruit more frequently as compared to larger organizations. The results also show that there is significant positive relationship between the size of organization and the choice of methods for recruitment of professionals. Most software houses find it difficult to recruit individuals with adequate professional training, skills and experience. Most professionals in the industry are fresh graduates with a sound theoretical base but with inadequate practical experience and skills. Software houses can help in developing these fresh graduates in more mature professionals by offering extensive internship programs

Evaluation of Brassica Juncea Germplasm through heritability estimation and correlation analysis

The experimental material was planted at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar to estimate genetic parameters of heritability and correlation for yield traits of indigenous Brassica Juncea genotypes. RCB design with three replications was used to sow 20 Brassica genotypes. Highly significant genetic variations were obtained among studied parameters. Days to half flowering revealed positive associations with primary branches per plant (r= 0.337**). Primary branches per plant was positively correlated with pod length (r= 0.407**), seed per pod (r= 0.418**) seed yield per plant (r= 0.479**). Similarly, pod length showed positive correlation with seed per pod (r= 0.324*) and seed yield per plant (r= 0.331**), while seed per pod was positively correlated with seed yield per plant (r= 0.878**). Highest broad-sense heritability was recorded for seed yield per plant (0.97), while lowest heritability was estimated for primary branches per plant (0.46)

Editorial bullying: an exploration of acts impacting publication ethics and related environment

Bullying and misconduct in the realm of scientific and scholarly publishing have the potential to jeopardize the transparency and integrity of academic discourse. While misconduct issues among authors have been extensively discussed, the role of editors in perpetuating or mitigating such problems has garnered less attention. Scientific publishing serves as the gateway for disseminating innovative research findings globally, and the role of editors, especially Editor/s-in-chief, is pivotal in safeguarding the rigor and credibility of published research. Editor bullying and misconduct involve behaviors that undermine the scientific process, compromise research integrity, and harm the careers and wellbeing of individuals. These actions may manifest as biased decision-making, suppression of dissenting voices, or the exploitation of power dynamics in the peer review process. To address these issues, preventive and therapeutic approaches are suggested, including enhancing awareness, recognizing and mitigating exacerbating factors, and upholding professionalism. Moreover, the importance of a conflict-of-interest declaration for editors is highlighted to ensure transparency and integrity in the editorial process. The present mini-review aims to shed light on editor bullying, illuminating its gravity and the urgency to address these issues within the academic publishing domain/s. This review underscores the more subtle, yet equally significant, issue of professional misconduct in the editorial realm of scientific journals

Tissue Reactions to Various Suture Materials Used in Oral Surgical Interventions

A variety of suture materials are available for primary wound closure following oral surgical procedures. The aim was to review the tissue reactions to the various suture materials used in oral surgical interventions. Databases were searched using the following keywords: cotton, nylon, polyglecaprone 25, polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), Polyglactin 910, polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid, silk, surgery, suture, and tissue reaction. Articles published only in English language were included. Seventeen studies were included. Two studies reported that polyglecaprone 25 had positive effects on wound-healing as compared to silk. Six studies reported that silk elicits more intense tissue inflammatory response and delayed wound healing as compared to other suture materials (including ePTFE, polyglecaprone-25, PGA, and nylon). Polyglactin 910 sutures were associated with the development of stitch abscess in one clinical study. Eight studies reported that tissue reactions are minimal with nylon sutures. Tissue reactions to suture materials used for oral surgical interventions may vary depending on the surface properties and bacterial adherence properties of the material

Factors associated with stress among adolescents in the city of Nawabshah, Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors of stress among school-going adolescents in rural Nawabshah, Pakistan. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2005, comprising 800 school-going children of 10-16 years of age in Nawabshah, through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to assess the potential risk factors of stress. A modified version of Perceived stress scale was utilized to measure stress level. SPSS 12 was used for statistical analysis, while multiple linear regression analysis was run to identify the factors associated with stress in the study population. RESULTS: Of the total, 529 (66%) children belonged to state-run schools while 271 (34%) were studying at private facilities. The mean age was 13.7+/-1.3 years. The level of stress was positively associated with the number of siblings, parental conflicts, the age of the mother and the number of rooms in the household. There was decreased level of stress among female adolescents (n=474; 59.3%) who had prior information about pubertal body changes than the boys (n=326; 40.8%). CONCLUSION: The study showed that stress among adolescents can be reduced by modifying socio-economic and demographic factors

Rapidly progressive periodontal disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus

Severe periodontal inflammation with generalized dental plaque accumulation, spontaneous and severe gingival bleeding, fungal infection, and interdental papillae necrosis are presented in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Bite-wing radiographs revealed a generalized horizontal alveolar bone loss of 7-8 millimetres in both arches. Erythematous patches were noted on the gingival mucosa in both jaws. DNA testing was performed to indentify the periodontopathogens. The patient had no signs or symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This case-report presents the massive periodontal destruction that occurred in a patient infected with HIV. Therefore, it is highly recommended that patients infected with HIV should be regularly monitored to aid in early detection and to provide proper management of periodontal inflammatory conditions to minimize its destruction

Heritability estimates and traits association in wheat advanced lines

Development of superior genotypes is the main aim all breeding programs. For this purpose comprising 14 spring wheat advanced lines with four checks were evaluated for six yield parameters during 2011-12 in an RCB design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P?0.01) for all the studied traits except harvest index which showed significant differences (P?0.05). Mean values ranged between 87.7 to 110.4 cm for plant height, 29.1 to 38.1 cm for peduncle length, 1.91 to 2.89 g for grain weight spike-1, 5617.3 to 7197.5 kg for grain yield ha-1, 15679 to 20123 kg for biological yield ha-1 and 34.94 to 42.40% for harvest index. Grain yield has significant correlation with grain weight spike-1 (0.407**), biological yield (0.486**) and harvest index (0.549**). High heritability was observed for grain weight spike-1 (71.74%), grain yield ha-1 (69.01%) and biological yield ha-1 (71.87%)

Association between prenatal maternal cigarette smoking and early childhood caries. A systematic review

The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between prenatal maternal cigarette smoking (PMCS) and early childhood caries (ECC) through a systematic review of currently available scientific evidence. Eight observational cross-sectional studies were included. The number of participants ranged between 1102 and 76920 children with age ranging between 24 months and 72 months. Seven studies reported a positive association between PMCS and ECC. One study reported that children whose mother smoked at least five cigarettes/day during pregnancy presented a higher caries severity level compared with to those whose mothers did not smoke. One study showed no association between ECC and PMCS. The association between PMCS and ECC remains debatable. Further well-designed longitudinal studies are needed in this regard

Efficacy of using a dual layer of membrane (d PTFE placed over collagen) for ridge preservation in fresh extraction sites: a micro‐computed tomographic study in dogs

Objective To assess if overbuilding the buccal plate or using a dual‐layer socket grafting technique prevents alveolar bone resorption and enhances final ridge width, height, and volume after tooth loss in an animal model. Material and methods In eight beagle dogs bilateral second (P2)‐, third (P3)‐, and fourth (P4) premolars were endodontically treated. All bilateral mandibular first premolars and distal roots of P2, P3, and P4 were hemisectioned and atraumatically extracted. Animals were randomly divided into four groups: (i) Control–Socket alone, (ii) Particulate allograft in the alveolum, socket covered with high‐density polytetrafluoroethylene ( dPTFE ) membrane and sutured over the alveolum, (iii) Particulate allograft in the alveolum and overbuilding the buccal plate, socket covered with dPTFE membrane and sutured over the alveolum, (iv) Particulate allograft in the alveolum and covered with dual layer ( dPTFE placed over collagen membrane), and sutured over the alveolum. After 16 weeks, the animals were sacrificed. Mandibular blocks of the jaws were assessed for bone volume ( BV ), vertical bone height ( VBH ), alveolar ridge thickness, and bone mineral density ( BMD ) using micro‐computed tomography. Results The BV in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 169.5, 207.57, 242.4, and 306.1 mm 3 , respectively. The VBH in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 4.2, 6.4, 6.2, and 7.3 mm, respectively. Ridge widths in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 5.45 ± 0.75, 5.91 ± 0.86, 6.05 ± 0.63, and 6.28 ± 1.01 mm, respectively. There was no significant difference in BMD between the groups. Conclusions The RP using a dual layer of membrane following tooth extraction results in more BV , VBH , and alveolar ridge width as compared to when a single layer of membrane is used.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/100133/1/clr2526.pd

Efficacy of Acellular Dermal Matrix and Coronally Advanced Flaps for the Treatment of Induced Gingival Recession Defects: A Histomorphometric Study in Dogs

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141958/1/jper1172.pd