Nova metoda izoliranja osnovne komponente signala zasnovana na transformaciji elementarnog vala

In this paper, a new method is proposed for improving the fundamental extraction by wavelet transform. This method uses the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), FIR filter and inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT). In the proposed method, frequency interference is allowed to occur at the extracted frequency bands by DWT. DWT output signal is filtered by FIR then the IDWT is used to reconstruct the filtered signal. This process improves the quality of extracted fundamental component and transient response. To verify the validity of the proposed method, the electric distribution system of electric arc furnaces (EAFs) of Mobarakeh Steel Company is simulated in MATLAB software. Finally the fundamental component of the voltage of point of common coupling (PCC) is extracted by proposed method and DWT and IDWT method.U radu je predložena nova metoda za unaprjeđenje određivanja osnovne komponente signala korištenjem transformacije elementarnog vala. Metoda koristi diskretnu transformaciju elementarnog vala (DWT), FIR filter i inverznu iskretnu transformaciju elementarnog vala (IDWT). Metoda dopušta interferenciju s DWT u frekvencijskom rasponu osnovne komponente. Izlazni DWT signal filtriran je pomoću FIR-a, a zatim se primjenjuje IDWT za rekonstrukciju filtriranog signala. Ovaj proces poboljšava kvalitetu određene osnovne komponente i odziva prijelazne pojave. Za provjeru vjerodostojnosti predložene metode, u MATLAB programu simuliran je sustav za elektrodistribuciju elektrolučne peći (EAF) za poduzeće Mobarakeh Steel Company. Konačno, osnovna komponenta napona točke zajedničkog spoja (PCC) određena je predloženom metodom uz DWT i IDWT

Distribution and Prevalence Potato virus Y Isolates Obtained from Potatoes Grown in the Iran by RT-PCR

To survey the distribution and prevalence of potato virus Y (PVY) strains in north western Iran, 381 symptomatic infected samples of the main potatoes grown in the said region were collected from the fields between (Hall et al., 1998) 2007 and 2008. The collected samples were first tested for PVY infection via a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) technique. Of the total number of collected samples, 79 (20.73%) tested positive for PVY infection. The highest level of PVY infection was observed in the district of Gilak-Abad in Sarab County, whereas the lowest infection was observed in the district of Oughan in the suburbs of Sarab city. The RT-PCR detection of PVY strains by using specific primers resulted in the amplification of DNA fragments specific to the PVY strains NTN, C, O, and N at 725, 1553, 352, and 616 bp, respectively. The highest strain diversity of PVY was detected in the district of Shirehjin in Sarab city and the lowest in the district of Ghaleh Jugh in Bostan-Abad city. Both single and multiple infection types of the PVY stains were observed in the region. Of the 79 PVY-infected samples, 77.21% were infected with strain O, 62.02% with strain C, 39.24% with strain N, and 8.86% with strain NTN. The highest level of multiple infections was observed in the combinations of the strains C+O (27.84%) and the triple strains O+N+C (15.18%). This paper is the first to report the detection of the PVY strain NTN in Iran. Keywords: RT-PCR, Molecular diagnosis, Potato, ELISA, Potato Virus Y (PVY

The Relationship between Zinc Deficiency and Febrile Convulsion in Isfahan,Iran

Objective  Febrile convulsion (FC) is a common cause of seizure in young children, with an excellent prognosis. In addition to genetic predisposition and infections,FCs are generally thought to be induced by metabolic and elemental changes during fever such as Zinc (Zn) deficiency. Regarding the high prevalence of febrile convulsions and the role of Zn deficiency, we investigated the role of Zn in FC patients in Isfahan, Iran.  Materials and Methods  In a controlled cross sectional study, 90 patients aged 9 months to 5 years were studied in a period of 12 months. They were assigned to three groups. Thirty patients were included in the Febrile Seizure group, thirty febrile children without convulsion or previous history of convulsion were included in the febrile group and thirty afebrile healthy ones were enrolled as controls. Venous blood was obtained and Zn concentration in serum was measured using Graphite Furnance Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometering (GF-AAS).  Results  Patients and the control groups had no difference in either mean age or sex distribution. No significant relationship was observed between serum Zn level and age or sex among patients in the FC group and two other control groups.   Conclusion  Our findings showed that Zinc level was significantly lower in the febrile seizure group compared to two other groups. We tried to categorize various conditions in a more practical form. Also, Zinc is in close relationship with socioeconomic level of the individuals which was well considered in the current survey.  Keywords: Zinc; Zinc deficiency; Febrile Convulsion

The Effects of Obesity on Outcomes in Trauma Injury: Overview of the Current Literature

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is now considered a chronic disease by the National Institute of Health (NIH) in the West. Its impact on trauma outcomes is of particular interest with several studies presenting conflicting information. The present overview suggests a strong association between obesity and injury severity, hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, pattern of injury, rate of complications and mortality. The nature of the observations may relate to an underlying physiological state of the obese patient and its associated comorbidities with a constant heightened inflammatory state aggravated by the second hit on an injury

The Effects of Obesity on Outcomes in Trauma Injury: Overview of the Current Literature

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is now considered a chronic disease by the National Institute of Health (NIH) in the West. Its impact on trauma outcomes is of particular interest with several studies presenting conflicting information. The present overview suggests a strong association between obesity and injury severity, hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, pattern of injury, rate of complications and mortality. The nature of the observations may relate to an underlying physiological state of the obese patient and its associated comorbidities with a constant heightened inflammatory state aggravated by the second hit on an injury