Anticancer activity of pyoverdine (PVD) producing by antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn and wound infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause diseases and multidrug resistance. It can produce many pigments, such as pyoverdine, which has anticancer properties. Cancer is still a major issue in medical science. Therefore, this study aimed to use highly efficient alternative treatments, such as pyoverdine. One hundred fifty samples of burns and wounds were collected from patients hospitalized in BabylIt hospitals. All the isolates were cultivated on various media to identify all specimens, including blood agar, MacConkey agar, and cetrimid agar. The isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. P. aeruginosa was cultured in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium to stimulate its production of PDV. Congo red method and microtiter plate were used to determine biofilm production. The findings showed 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were dispersed among patients, 35/50 (70%) burns and 15/50 (30%) wound infections and only four of the 50 isolates produced PVD.  P. aeruginosa was examined against 17 common antibiotics(Aztreonam, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Cefriaxone, Piperacillin_ tazobactam, Piperacillin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Netilmicin, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Imipenem, Doripenem, Meropenem)and the majority of isolates exhibited MDR. By using the Congo red method out of 50, 4(8%)  isolates gave a positive ability to form biofilm as a qualitative method. Among 4 isolates, ps1 and ps4 were more productive, so it was tested to complete the study. PVD had anticancer activity against two types of cell lines: Lung cancer cells (A549) with inhibition range from 31.800in 400 µg/ml to 7.200 %in 25 µg/ml and skin cancer cells (A375) with cell vitality range from 55.600in 400 µg/ml to 8.533% in 25 µg/ml.

Study of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the bioactive compound of Bacillus megaterium L2 strains isolated from the oral cavity of hospital workers and visitors at Dental Health Centre, Babylon, Iraq

Because of the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics, there is an urgent necessity to search for new antibiotics produced by Bacillus spp., which are characterized by their capability to produce secondary metabolites with high efficacy against numerous types of pathogenic bacteria. A total of 40 Bacillus isolates were isolated from the mouths of 150 volunteers from the Dental Health Center in Babylon and diagnosed based on phenotypic characteristics and biochemical and physiological reaction tests with a colorimetric reagent card using the VITEK2 analyzer. The active compounds were extracted from Bacillus megaterium L2 and their antibacterial activity was tested against a group of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was estimated, whereas 16 isolates showed high effectiveness against pathogenic bacteria, with the zone of inhibition ranging from 8-22 mm and the MIC ranging from 0.25–6.25 mg/ml. The active compounds were extracted, purified, and detected by Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The  cytotoxic activity of the extracts was studied using the MCF7 cell line. This showed that cytotoxicity effects on valid object count, nuclear morphology, and total nuclear intensity ranged from 17.245-441.24 and the cytotoxic effect on cell membrane permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome C ranged from 49.04-601.79 Among the isolates, Bacillus megaterium L2(B9) was the best isolated strain of bacteria that was the most effective against anti-pathogenic bacterial strains- Gram positive (Staphylococcus pyogenes NCTC 8198 and St. aureus ATCC 29213) and gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa RW109, Escherichia  coli O157, and Salmonella typhi Ty2) and was non-toxic to human cells (MCF7)

Effect of Coffea arabica L on antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered an opportunistic bacteria that causes many risks and because of its resistance to antibiotics, the virulence of this bacteria has increased. To get rid of the problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, effective medicinal plants were used to get rid of pathogenic bacteria so during this study, 200 samples were collected from patients with wounds and burn from Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital in Babylon Governorate, distributed to 130 burn samples and 70 wound samples. The samples were cultured with specific and differential media. Where 30(15%) samples of P. aeruginosa were obtained and the diagnosis was confirmed by microscopy and biochemical tests and confirmed by VITEK-2 Compact. The sensitivity test showed its resistance to many antibiotics piperacillin 15/30 (50%) , piperacillin - tazobactam (4/30(13.3%), ceftazidime and cefepimewere each one (25/30(83.3%), Aztreonam 8/30(26.6%), Imipenem5/30(16.6%), Gentamicin 12/ 30(40%) 30, Tobramycin9/30( 30%), Amikacin 6/30(20%), ciprofloxacin 13/30(43.3%), ofloxacin 5/30(16.6%). Because of the role of alternative medicine in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the effectiveness of the coffee plant was measured against antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa was sensitive to the coffee aqueous extract, Coffea arabica Linn. (Rubiaceae (.The properties of the active substances in coffee were determined using characteristic techniques UV-Visible Spectra analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the Arabica coffee plant as a bacterial antibiotic to challenge the problem of pathogenic bacterial resistance to the used antibiotics

Evaluation of the anticancer potential of Iraqi Date Palma dactylifera L. seed extract on breast cancer MCF7 and prostate cancer PC3 cell lines

Date seeds are rich in many dietary elements, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory and anticancer phytochemical compounds. The present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of  Iraqi Date Palma dactylifera L. seed extracts on breast cancer MCF7 and prostate cancer PC3 cell lines. The seeds were extracted with 70% ethanol and explored for the presence of many anticancer compounds by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis . The cytotoxicity of date seed extracts on cell lines was studied using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cytotoxic assay of multi-parameters was carried out to detect the extract activity on valid cell count, total nuclear intensity, cell membrane permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome C release by using High-Content Screening (HCS) assay. The results of HPLC confirmed the presence of caffeic acid, sinapic acid and gallic acid. The results of MTT assay showed significantly reduced cell viability of MCF7, PC3 and control HdFn cell lines with IC50 of 269,325 and 1499 μg/ml, respectively. Analysis of HCS findings indicated significant changes in all tested parameters at concentrations of 100 μg/ml. Ethanolic extract of seeds was rich in many antioxidant compounds and the extract appeared to have strong cytotoxic activity against both  MCF7 and PC3 cancer cell lines. The cells of MCF7 were more sensitive to extract than PC3. The viability of normal  HDFn cells was not affected by the extract. The study showed the importance of date seeds as a very effective antioxidant and can contribute to reducing the risk of breast and prostate cancer.

Efficiency of Bacillus mucilaginosus isolated from the soil in dissolving potassium in its microenvironment

Soil bacteria have an effective role in dissolving soil potassium. Bacillus mucilaginosus plays an effective role in dissolving potassium in the soil so that the plant may absorb it easily. The present study aimed to test the efficiency of bacteria in dissolving potassium present in the soil surrounding the roots of crops. B. mucilaginosus was isolated and diagnosed from the rhizosphere soil of Celery, Wheat, Basil and Alfalfa plants. The diagnosis included studying the isolates' culture, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. The laboratory study also included testing the efficiency of these bacterial isolates in dissolving potassium compounds in Modified Aleksandrov agar medium and estimating the dissolution coefficient. The results of isolation and identification of bacteria isolated from 19 out of 50 soil samples planted with different crops (Celery, Wheat, Basil and Alfalfa) showed that 8 isolates could dissolve potassium. The results of the microscopic examination of these eight isolates showed that they were sticky in shape, positive for Gram-staining, forming spores and the capsule, while the movement examination showed that they were positive for these tests (movement test). The biochemical tests and cultural characteristics showed that the eight isolates bear the characteristics of B. mucilaginosus. The results showed that the dissolution coefficient of potassium for the different isolates ranged between 2.28 and 1.14, while the type of sugar added to the culture medium increased the efficiency of bacterial isolates for potassium solubility. The study demonstrated the bacteria's efficiency in the rhizosphere region in dissolving potassium, which helps the plant use it easily.