Determinants of FDI in producer services:evidence from Chinese aggregate and sub-sectoral data

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in producer services in China using both country aggregate and provincial sub-sectoral data. Design/methodology/approach: This paper applies autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration and panel data regression approaches in examining the determinants of Producer Service FDI (PSFDI). Findings: Our results show differences between the determinants of aggregate FDI and PSFDI. Contrary to the typical influencing factors of general FDI (that include GDP, openness, low wages and environmental quality), the two main determinants of PSFDI inflows to China are found to be high wages and research inputs (specifically the number of research workers as a proxy for research intensity). Data drawn from 26 Chinese provinces disaggregated at sub-sector level of producer services corroborate the results. Originality/value: We add to existing literature by identifying the key determinants of inward PSFDI in China also via a provincial-level data analysis and disaggregation at sub-sectoral level of producer services.</p

Dichlorido(η6-p-cymene)(4-fluoro­aniline-κN)ruthenium(II)

The title compound, [RuCl2(C10H14)(C6H6FN)], a pseudo-octa­hedral d 6 complex, has the expected piano-stool geometry around the Ru(II) atom. The fluoro­aniline ring forms a dihedral angle of 19.3 (2)° with the p-cymene ring. In the crystal, two mol­ecules form an inversion dimer via a pair of N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯Cl inter­actions involving the p-cymene ring consolidate the crystal packing

URRUC - Urban-Rural Connectivity in Non-Metropolitan Regions. Annex VIII: Policy Guidelines and Recommendations

Annex VIII contains a methodological overview of the policy development approach as well as the creation of European policy recommendations