'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -7

(that is, smallest points represent 0 mg/kg copper, largest points represent 480 mg/kg copper). Colour scale represents weight change (%), data taken from Spurgeon et al [37].<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -1

And for dose group means ± standard deviation (SD); groups are joined in dose order by dashed line. (C) Loadings plot, axes 1 and 2. (D) Loadings plot following varimax rotation, axes 2 and 3. Loadings for individual metabolites are identified by abbreviations given in Table 1.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -6

Lected genes (red). (B) Metallothionein genes. (C) Heat shock protein genes. (D) Genes involved in glutathione metabolism. (E) Genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms. (F) Regulators of apoptosis.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -10

Nd for dose group means ± standard deviation (SD); groups are joined in dose order by dashed line. (C) Loadings plot, axes 1 and 2. (D) Loadings plot following varimax rotation, axes 2 and 3. Loadings for individual metabolites are identified by abbreviations given in Table 1.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -5

(green) of transcripts. (B) hierarchical cluster analysis and heat map, dose group averages. (C) PCA, first two components. (D)-(G) relative expression profiles (transcripts significantly different at the = 0.05 level) fall into four clusters (-means). Colours of different groups for (D)-(G) are for visualisation only.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -0

Ure introduce significant amounts of error compared with the within-group biological variation.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -3

Cates sample extracted in water, allowing enzymatic proteolysis. 'C.M.' indicates sample extracted in chloroform/methanol, preventing further enzymatic activity.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -9

Ure introduce significant amounts of error compared with the within-group biological variation.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -4

PCA, scores on axis 2. (C) PCA, loadings on axis 2. Area of point represents significance (-log(), where is probability from Student's test; group 1, 480 mg/kg sample worms; group 2, 0, 10 and 40 mg/kg sample worms). Point labels in blue correspond to spectral regions shown in Additional file .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p

'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm -8

He KEGG pathways [92] representing (A) oxidative phosphorylation (adapted from KEGG ID: hsa00190) and (B) glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (adapted from KEGG ID: hsa00010). Transcripts with more than twofold alterations are outlined in red, and those with less than twofold alterations are outlined in blue. Transcripts that are not outlined were not present in the gene set used for the cDNA microarrays. (C) The transcript levels on a logscale for the genes marked in (A). For genes represented by more than one transcript (multiple ESTs), mean values are shown. The black dotted line indicates no gene induction. (D) The transcript levels for the genes marked in (B) (red lines); phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is also represented (blue line), although it is not shown in (B).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "'Systems toxicology' approach identifies coordinated metabolic responses to copper in a terrestrial non-model invertebrate, the earthworm "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/6/25</p><p>BMC Biology 2008;6():25-25.</p><p>Published online 3 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2424032.</p><p></p