Variation in pelvic shape and size in Eastern European males: a computed tomography comparative study

Background The significantly accelerated development of human society in the last millennium has brought about changes in human behavior and body mass that may have influenced human bone morphology. Our objective was to analyze the variation in pelvic shape and size in males from modern and medieval populations. Methods We obtained 22 pelvic girdles of adult males from a medieval cemetery located in Cedynia, Poland. The control group comprised 31 contemporary male pelves from individuals inhabiting the same region. The analyzed parameters were: interspinous distance (ISD), intercristal distance (ICD), intertuberous distance (ITD), anatomic conjugate of the pelvis, height of the pelvis (HP), iliac opening angle (IOA), iliac tilt angle (ITA), and ISD/ITD/HP ratio. Geometric morphometrics was used to analyze differences in shape in the pelves. All analyses were carried out on three-dimensional CT reconstructions of pelves. Results ISD, ICD, and IOA were significantly greater in modern pelves than in those from Cedynia, but no significant differences were seen between the two groups in ITD, anatomical conjugate, HP, or ITA. ISD/ITD/HP ratios were significantly lower in the Cedynia group. Geometric morphometrics revealed significant differences in pelvic shape between the analyzed groups. Discussion The pelves of modern males are larger, wider, and flatter than those of medieval males. Changes in the set of daily activities that produce mechanical loading and estimated body mass may constitute the main factors explaining pelvic variability. However, differences in ontogenesis should also be taken into consideration, especially since growth in past populations is often found to be reduced relative to modern populations

Rok Profesora Adama Grucy (1893-1983). W 130. rocznicę urodzin i 40. rocznicę śmierci

The article presents a biography of Adam Gruca, one of the most famous Polish orthopaedic surgeon born December 3, 1893, died June 3, 1983 in Warsaw. He was Professor of medical sciences, and doctor honoris causa at the Medical Academies in Warsaw and Wrocław. The Polish Orthopedic Society was constituted at its first convention in Poznań in 1928, attended by Prof. Adam Gruca and his wife.Artykuł przedstawia biografię Adama Grucy, jednego z najbardziej znanych polskich ortopedów, urodzonego 3 grudnia 1893, a zmarłego 3 czerwca 1983 r. w Warszawie. Profesor nauk medycznych, doctor honoris causa Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie i Wrocławiu. Polskie Towarzystwo Ortopedyczne ukonstytuowało się podczas pierwszego zjazdu w Poznaniu w 1928 roku, w którym uczestniczył prof. Adam Gruca wraz z małżonką

The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Surgical Volume in 2020 in Poland

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgical volume in Poland. A retrospective analysis of data concerning THA and TKA collected by the National Health Fund in Poland in 2019 and in 2020 has been conducted. The number of primary hip or knee arthroplasties in 2020 was around 71% and 67% of the number registered in 2019, respectively. There was also a decline in the volume of revision arthroplasties observed, with 65% and 63% of THA and TKA revisions performed in 2019. The most significant decrease was observed in April and May, and during the second wave of the pandemic in November 2020, with a decline of 87%, 55% and 56%, respectively. The results of this study show the significant impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the volume of elective hip and knee arthroplasties in Poland in 2020. In comparison with 2019, a decrease of around 30% for primary and of 40% for revision arthroplasties was observed. The most significant decline was observed in April and May 2020, and during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland in November 2020

System kwot mlecznych w Polsce jako przykład mechanizmów na rynku mleka

The main stimulating factor for changes on the milk market was the prospect of joining the Single European Market. The preparation for the open competition had its consequences on raw material production and food processing industry. The implementation of Common Agricultural Policy was the first direct effect of EU accession. Because of key importance for the milk market the production quota system was analysed.Czynnikiem stymulującym przemiany rynku mleka w Polsce było przygotowanie producentów surowca i przetwórców do bezpośredniej konsekwencji wynikającej z włączenia mleczarstwa w obszar Jednolitego Rynku Europejskiego. Bezpośrednim efektem akcesji do UE było objęcie krajowego mleczarstwa mechanizmami Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej. Ze względu na kluczowe znaczenie kwot mlecznych dla rynku mleka ocenie poddano ich wpływ na możliwości rozwoju produkcji tego surowca. W ujęciu wojewódzkim można zauważyć, że największe znaczenie w produkcji mleka mają województwa: mazowieckie, podlaskie i wielkopolskie. Wynegocjowana kwota sprzedaży hurtowej przekraczała mnie więcej o 1 M. t skup mleka w mleczarniach. Ocenia się, że nadal istnieje możliwość poprawy mleczności krów i zwiększania produkcji mlecznej w gospodarstwach, a łączna wielkość kwot zapewni możliwości rozwoju sektora mleczarskiego w najbliższych latach. Może się jednak okazać, że osiągnięcie w kolejnych dwóch-trzech latach produkcji mleka odpowiadającej przyznanej kwocie mlecznej (wraz z rezerwą restrukturyzacyjną) stanie się barierą dalszej modernizacji sektora mleczarskiego

Comparison of Intramedullary Magnetic Nail, Monolateral External Distractor, and Spatial External Fixator in Femur Lengthening in Adolescents with Congenital Diseases

The aim of this study is to evaluate the course of the treatment and clinical and functional outcomes of femur lengthening in adolescents with congenital disorders by the application of different surgical methods. This retrospective study comprised 35 patients (39 procedures). A total of 11 patients underwent femur lengthening with the use of the intramedullary magnetic nail (IMN) Precise 2 (NuVasive, San Diego, CA, USA), 7 patients (11 procedures) with the use of the monolateral external distractor Modular Rail System (MRS) (Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN, USA), and 17 with the use of the computer-assisted external fixator Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) (Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN, USA). The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) congenital femoral length deficiency without any axial deformities and (2), independently of the finally applied treatment, the technical possibility of use of each of the analyzed methods. The distraction index did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.89). The median lengthening index was the lowest in the IMN group (24.3 d/cm; IQR 21.8–33.1) and statistically different in comparison to the MRS (44.2 d/cm; IQR 42–50.9; p p p p < 0.001) groups. This study indicates that IMN is a more valuable method of treatment for femoral length discrepancy without axial deformity than MRS and TSF in complication rate and indexes of lengthening and consolidation

Early childhood anomalies of the hip occur at a similar frequency in patients with idiopathic scoliosis and in healthy individuals – questionnaire for parents

Introduction: Improper hip joint development may lead to numerous unfavourable changes in the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this research was to determine how often adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and their healthy counterparts experienced anomalies of the hip in their infancy period and to examine the correlation between the occurrence of hip anomalies and idiopathic scoliosis. Material and methods: The research was conducted in medical centres as well as in schools. The parents of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and parents of healthy adolescents completed a questionnaire on the basis of their child’s development history included in the medical records book and other medical documentation. Results: 533 questionnaires were taken into consideration, included 145 questionnaires completed by parents of adolescents with scoliosis (121 girls - 13.8 years, SD 1.9; 24 boys - 12.9 years, SD 2.5) and 388 questionnaires from the group of adolescents without scoliosis (194 girls - 13.5 years, SD 2.0; 194 boys - 13.4 years, SD 2.1). No significant differences were noted in the incidence of hip anomalies between the groups of girls and boys with and without scoliosis, no correlations between anomalies of the hip and scoliosis were found (girls χ2=0.840; Cramer V=0.052; p=0.36; boys χ2=1.205; Cramer V=0.074; p=0.27). Conclusions: Hip anomalies such as hip dysplasia, movement asymmetry or range of motion limitations diagnosed in the infancy period did not correlate with idiopathic scoliosis. Further research aimed at a separate analysis of the influence of hip dysplasia on the occurrence of idiopathic scoliosis should be carried out

Regeneration of Articular Cartilage Using Membranes of Polyester Scaffolds in a Rabbit Model

One promising method for cartilage regeneration involves combining known methods, such as the microfracture technique with biomaterials, e.g., scaffolds (membranes). The most important feature of such implants is their appropriate rate of biodegradation, without the production of toxic metabolites. This study presents work on two different membranes made of polyester (L-lactide-co-&epsilon;-caprolactone-PLCA) named &ldquo;PVP and &ldquo;Z&rdquo;. The difference between them was the use of different pore precursors&mdash;polyvinylpyrrolidone in the &ldquo;PVP&rdquo; scaffold and gelatin in the &ldquo;Z&rdquo; scaffold. These were implemented in the articular cartilage defects of rabbit knee joints (defects were created for the purpose of the study). After 8, 16, and 24 weeks of observation, and the subsequent termination of the animals, histopathology and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) examinations were performed. Statistical analysis proved that the membranes support the regeneration process. GPC testing proved that the biodegradation process is progressing exponentially, causing the membranes to degrade at the appropriate time. The surgical technique we used meets all the requirements without causing the membrane to migrate after implantation. The &ldquo;PVP&rdquo; membrane is better due to the fact that after 24 weeks of observation there was a statistical trend for higher histological ratings. It is also better because it is easier to implant due to its lower fragility then membrane &ldquo;Z&rdquo;. We conclude that the selected membranes seem to support the regeneration of articular cartilage in the rabbit model