15 research outputs found

    Spostrzeganie czasu przez kobiety i m臋偶czyzn a sk艂onno艣膰 do nadmiernego korzystania z Internetu

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    呕yjemy w spo艂ecze艅stwie informacyjnym (Juszczyk, 1998, 2000a, 2000b; W i l k, 2001). Wszechobecny ju偶 Internet s艂u偶y nam do pracy, nauki, rozrywki, zabawy, jest narz臋dziem nawi膮zywania kontaktu z drugim cz艂owiekiem. Kubey i Csikszentmihaly i (2002, s. 70) twierdz膮, 偶e co-raz wi臋kszej liczbie ludzi 偶ycie w cyberprzestrzeni wydaje si臋 cz臋sto wa偶niejsze, bardziej bezpo艣rednie i intensywne ni偶 偶ycie realne. Zachowanie kontroli nad sposobem korzystania z medi贸w jest dzi艣 trudniejsze ni偶 kiedykolwiek. Nadmierne korzystanie z medi贸w, w tym tak偶e z sieci internetowej, staje si臋 wa偶nym problemem wsp贸艂czesnej cywilizacji. Zainteresowania psycholog贸w, socjolog贸w, pedagog贸w coraz cz臋艣ciej skupiaj膮 si臋 na tym zjawisku (por. Goban-Klas,1999; Golonka, Lipi艅ska, 2000; Juszczyk, 2000a; Filipiak, 2003). Zjawisko to dotyczy zar贸wno tych, dla kt贸rych internet to narz臋dzie pracy, jak i tych, dla kt贸rych stanowi on wy艂膮cznie rozrywk臋. Badania pokazuj膮, 偶e z Internetu korzysta ju偶 ponad jedna czwarta Po-lak贸w (http://www.demoskop.com.pl). S膮 to przede wszystkim ludzie m艂odzi, z wy偶szym i 艣rednim wykszta艂ceniem, mieszka艅cy du偶ych miast. W艣r贸d najm艂odszych badanych (15 19 lat) odsetek os贸b, kt贸re nigdy nie 艂膮cz膮 si臋 z Internetem wynosi 28%, natomiast w艣r贸d respondent贸w w wieku powy偶ej 59 lat odsetek ten si臋ga 97%. Internaut贸w jest tylko o 10% wi臋cej ni偶 internautek. M臋偶czy藕ni stanowi膮 55% a kobiety 45% korzystaj膮cych z sieci. Niemal wszyscy internauci przegl膮daj膮 strony internetowe, wi臋kszo艣膰 korzysta z poczty elektronicznej. Codziennie lub prawie codziennie 艂膮czy si臋 z Internetem 7% Polak贸w, co w grupie internat贸w, czyli os贸b, kt贸re 艂膮cz膮 si臋 z Internetem chocia偶by od czasu do czasu, stanowi 27%. Zdecydowana wi臋kszo艣膰 internaut贸w, bo 78%, korzysta z sieci przynajmniej raz w tygodniu. Polacy najcz臋艣ciej 艂膮cz膮 si臋 z sieci膮 w domu (42%). Jedna trzecia internaut贸w korzysta z Internetu w szkole lub na uczelni. W pracy 艂膮czy si臋 z sieci膮 28%os贸b. Niemal taki sam odsetek respondent贸w korzysta z kafejek internetowych. Zastanawia fakt, 偶e niekt贸rzy u偶ytkownicy Internetu wpadaj膮 w na艂贸g, w swego rodzaju uzale偶nienie, a inni nie maj膮 takich sk艂onno艣ci. By膰 mo偶e, opr贸cz zmiennych psychologicznych, czynnikiem t艂umacz膮cym to zjawisko jest stosunek osoby do czasu. Brak realistycznego podej艣cia do czasu mo偶e by膰 藕r贸d艂em, ale r贸wnie偶 konsekwencj膮 nadmiernego korzystania z Internetu. Orientacja temporalna i percepcja czasu, wyznaczaj膮 organizacj臋 dzia艂a艅 cz艂owieka, w tym tak偶e spos贸b korzystania przez niego z r贸偶nego rodzaju medi贸w

    Monogonont composition in different freshwater habitats on Spitsbergen (Arctic) and King George Island (Antarctica) (scientific paper)

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    The monogonont composition of two polar regions : Spitsbergen (Arctic) and King George Island (Antarctica) is compared. Four different freshwater habitats (moss banks, moraine ponds, nearshore ponds and thaw ponds) were surveyed. Twenty monogonont species on Spitsbergen and 11 species on King George Island were found. Euchlanis dilatata and Notholca salina were the most numerous monogononts in both regions respectively. The maximum number of species on Spitsbergen was observed in nearshore ponds (19), while on King George in thaw ponds (8). In each habitat species diversity was higher on Spitsbergen than on King George Island. Species composition was different because of : different sources of colonisation, longer colonisation on Spitsbergen than on King George Island, better developed tundra habitat on Spitsbergen with more abundant flora, and smaller geographical isolation of Spitsbergen from the place of colonizers origin

    THE FRESHWATER MICRO- AND MEIOFAUNA OF ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS (14th Symposium on Polar Biology)

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    The species composition was studied at the water-sediment interface in various water bodies in the vicinity of Arctowski Station. The highest density of fauna was noted in moss banks, of which 75% were Bdelloidea, whereas the lowest was observed in running waters. Monogononta species occurred in nearshore ponds with a large number of taxa and comparably high density. Amongst rotifers, Bdelloidea and Notholca salina of Monogononta were most abundant

    Stemness properties of SSEA-4+ subpopulation isolated from heterogenous Wharton鈥檚 jelly mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

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    Background: High heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due to different degrees of differentiation of cell subpopulations poses a considerable challenge in preclinical studies. The cells at a pluripotent-like stage represent a stem cell population of interest for many researchers worldwide, which is worthy of identification, isolation, and functional characterization. In the current study, we asked whether Wharton鈥檚 jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) which express stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) can be considered as a pluripotent-like stem cell population.Methods: SSEA-4 expression in different culture conditions was compared and the efficiency of two cell separation methods were assessed: Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS). After isolation, SSEA-4+ cells were analyzed for the following parameters: the maintenance of the SSEA-4 antigen expression after cell sorting, stem cell-related gene expression, proliferation potential, clonogenicity, secretome profiling, and the ability to form spheres under 3D culture conditions.Results: FACS allowed for the enrichment of SSEA-4+ cell content in the population that lasted for six passages after sorting. Despite the elevated expression of stemness-related genes, SSEA-4+ cells neither differed in their proliferation and clonogenicity potential from initial and negative populations nor exhibited pluripotent differentiation repertoire. SSEA-4+ cells were observed to form smaller spheroids and exhibited increased survival under 3D conditions.Conclusion: Despite the transient expression of stemness-related genes, our findings could not fully confirm the undifferentiated pluripotent-like nature of the SSEA-4+ WJ-MSC population cultured in vitro
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