Victims of Natural Disasters in U.S. Refugee Law and Policy

This note reviews the history and antecedents of subsection 203(a)(7)(B), suggests explanations for its repeal, and explores alternative relief for the individuals who might formerly have benefited from it. It is presumed that some victims of natural disasters have a need for refuge equal to that of the refugee fleeing persecution. This is not to say that every catastrophic natural calamity, as the now defunct statutory formulation put it, produces victims requiring the extraordinary relief of asylum. Yet, when the disaster constitutes a continuing threat to human life, and aid to the stricken area cannot restore an acceptable standard of living, then the distinction between natural disaster victims and refugees fearing persecution becomes arbitrary and inhumane. The humanitarian underpinnings of a special provision for persons in life-threatening situations apply regardless of the source of that threat

Environmental preferences of users in co-located colleges

Co-location, the merging of two organizational entities into one shared space, requires collaboration to be successful. The benefits of co-location can be realized if the combined entities are compatible. This dissertation investigates the compatibility between two co-located education entities through three related questions: What are the environmental preferences among users in a co-located college environment? What are the organization system type preferences of the co-located organizations? Does a distinguishable pattern between environmental preferences and organization system type emerge? A replicated survey of each college's personnel, divided by administration and staff, faculty, and student populations, determined the environmental preferences, or perceptions, of each school's organization systems. A key behavior that facilitates a positive co-location experience is having the leadership of both entities collaborate and communicate with each other. Mutual respect and professional courtesy are important to those working and learning within a co-located environment. Two assessment tools were developed and found to be useful in identifying the underlying nature of colocation compatibility. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was used to analyze preferences. Among the 23 Environmental Preference survey items only one statistically significant difference emerged between the two colleges - student work display areas, wherein both colleges ranked it as an important preference. Multi-attribute Utility Technology (MAUT) was used to quantify data from the organization systems analysis, composed of four system-types. The system type preferences for both colleges were aligned across all four system types with only marginal differences. The two colleges were highly compatible. Other organizations may find the instruments useful in determining co-location compatibility

Improving Online Access for People with Disabilities

This paper reports on a consumer-focused research and development project aimed at investigating the online communication requirements of people with disabilities in Australia. Results are informing the development of an accessible email software package with word prediction

Preparation of dihydrolipoamide by electrolytic reduction

Numeración errónea en el original

History in Public:Power and Process, Harm and Help

This introductory piece explains the choice of public history as a focus for this special issue of History, and its emphasis on the work of early-career historians. ‘Public history’ is a notoriously nebulous concept. We outline some of the most common ways in which it is understood, and discuss why we believe that its methods and approaches are of enormous value to all those involved in historical work, whether they would consider themselves to be ‘public historians’ or not. We also introduce the contributions making up the rest of this issue, which features the work of twenty-five mostly early-career historians and moves from Greece to England, India, Tobago, the United States, Norway, Northern Ireland, and online. The introduction provides an appetiser for some of the approaches, ideas and struggles emerging from public history, and the richness of this constantly evolving field

Learning Mathematics from the Master: A Collection of Euler-based Primary Source Projects for Today’s Students, Part I

This article and its sequel will together highlight a set of nine classroom ready projects that draw on the remarkable writing of Leonhard Euler (1707–1783) as a means to help students develop an understanding of standard topics from today’s undergraduate mathematics curriculum. Part of a larger collection of primary source projects intended for use in a wide range of undergraduate mathematics courses, these projects are freely available to students and their instructors. We provide a general description of the pedagogical design underlying these projects, more detailed descriptions of the individual projects themselves, and instructions for obtaining downloadable copies for classroom use

Informed consent in genomic research and biobanking: taking feedback of findings seriously.

Genomic research and biobanking present several ethical, social and cultural challenges, particularly when conducted in settings with limited scientific research capacity. One of these challenges is determining the model of consent that should support the sharing of human biological samples and data in the context of international collaborative research. In this paper, we report on the views of key research stakeholders in Ghana on what should count as good ethical practice when seeking consent for genomic research and biobanking in Africa. This study was part of a multi-country qualitative case study conducted in three African countries: Ghana, Uganda and Zambia under the auspices of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa initiative (H3Africa). Our study suggests that while participants are willing to give consent for their samples and associated data to be used for future research purposes, they expect to receive feedback about the progress of the research and about the kinds of research being undertaken on their samples and data. These expectations need to be anticipated and discussed during the consent process which should be seen as part of an ongoing communication process throughout the research process

Trial and error versus errorless learning of functional skills in patients with acute stroke

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of errorless learning versus trial and error learning for teaching activities of daily living to patients with acute stroke with or without explicit memory impairments. Design: Randomized crossover. Setting: Rehabilitation hospital. Participants: 33 adult subjects following an acute stroke. Intervention: Subjects were taught to prepare a wheelchair for a transfer and to put on a sock with a sock-donner. Tasks were taught using errorless learning or trial and error learning. Explicit memory was assessed using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Exam. Main Outcome Measures: Days until subject was able to demonstrate retention of the task, and success or failure at carry-over to a similar task. Results: No significant differences were found in days to retention for either functional task when taught using errorless learning or trial and error learning in subjects with or without explicit memory impairments. Carry-over was significantly better when trial and error learning was used for learning sock donning. Conclusions: When choosing the best learning method for patients undergoing rehabilitation for stroke, the nature of the task should be considered. Additional research is needed to identify the best approach for teaching activities of daily living and facilitating carry-over of learning in individuals with acute stroke

Fold Designability, Distribution, and Disease

Fold designability has been estimated by the number of families contained in that fold. Here, we show that among orthologous proteins, sequence divergence is higher for folds with greater numbers of families. Folds with greater numbers of families also tend to have families that appear more often in the proteome and greater promiscuity (the number of unique “partner” folds that the fold is found with within the same protein). We also find that many disease-related proteins have folds with relatively few families. In particular, a number of these proteins are associated with diseases occurring at high frequency. These results suggest that family counts reflect how certain structures are distributed in nature and is an important characteristic associated with many human diseases