1-Hydroxypyrene–A Biochemical Marker for PAH Pollution Assessment of Aquatic Ecosystem

The aim of the present study was to assess aquatic contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), using the 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) content in fish bile as a biochemical marker. A total of 71 chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) were collected from seven locations on the Svitava and Svratka rivers in and around the industrial city of Brno, Czech Republic. The levels of 1-OHP were determined by reverse phase HPLC with fluorescence detection after deconjugation. Normalising the molar concentration of the biliary 1-OHP to the biliary protein content reduced sample variation. The content of 1-OHP was correlated with the PAH level in bottom sediment and semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMD), which was analyzed by a combination of HPLC/FLD and GC/MS methods. The highest mean values of 1-OHP were found in fish caught at the Svratka River at locations Modřice (169.2 ± 99.7 ng·mg−1 protein) and Rajhradice (152.2 ± 79.7 ng·mg−1 protein), which are located downstream from Brno. These values were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those obtained from localities Kníničky (98.4 ± 66.1 ng·mg−1 protein) and Bílovice nad Svitavou (64.1 ± 31.4 ng·mg−1 protein). The lowest contents of PAH in sediment and SPMD were found at location Kníničky (1.5 mg·kg−1 dry mass and 19.4 ng·L−1, respectively). The highest contents of PAH in sediment and SPMD were found in Rajhradice (26.0 mg·kg−1 dry mass) and Svitava before junction (65.4 ng·L−1), respectively. A Spearman correlation test was applied to determine the relationship between biliary 1-OHP and the sum of PAH in sediment and SPMD. A positive, but no statistically significant correlation was found. The main impact sources of elevated level of PAHs in sites located downstream from Brno are most probably intensive industrial and agricultural activities and domestic waste

Zmeny vybranych hematologickych a chemickych ukazatelu krve ryb po akutnim a dlouhodobem pusobeni polutantu.

The aim of the study was to determine the changes in haematological and biochemical profile of fish exposed to pesticides, cadmium and nitrites, and exploitation of biomarkers (vitellogenin and cytochrom P450) of aquatic environment contamination. The acute toxicity tests were performed on common carp exposed to Basudin 600 EW pesticide (active substance of diazinon), Decis flow 2.5 pesticide (active substance of deltamethrin), cadmium chloride and different concentrations of nitrites and chlorides. The acute toxicity test was performed on rainbow trout exposed to Karate 2.5 EC (active substance of lambda-cyhalothrin). Changes in fish haematological profile after acute exposure to pollutants (organophosphous pesticides, pyrethroides, cadmium and nitrites) indicate a disruption of haematopoiesis and non-specific immunity of fish. Changes in biochemical profile indicate an impairment of liver, kidney and gills. Vitellogenin was used as a biomarker of aquatic environment contamination with xenoestrogens. It was determined in the blood plasma of male chub and male barbel. Cytochrom P4501A and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) was described as a biomarker of aquatic environment contamination with PCB, PAU, NPAU and dioxins. Based on the information from the reviews and obtained results, it can be said, that vitellogenin, cytochrom P450 and EROD are suitable biomarkers of aquatic environment contamination.Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi