Dielectron measurements with the HADES at GSI

In this work we present the dielectron analysis of 4.5 billion Ag+Ag collisions ((0−40)% centrality) at a center-of-mass energy of √sNN = 2.55 GeV measured with HADES. The obtained dielectron signal spectrum is compared to simulated hadronic cocktail and nucleon-nucleon reference spectra revealing a strong contribution from the hot and dense phases. The average temperature of the collision system can be extracted from the slope of the in-medium contribution. In a momentum differential analysis we observe modifications of the dielectron signal shape in the ω−ρ invariant mass region. Furthermore we compare the results to previous measurements in Au+Au collisions at slightly lower energy. The suggested modifications of the ρ spectral function is further studied within the HADES pion-beam program. Here, we present recently published results on the electromagnetic and hadronic coupling of baryonic resonances to the ρ − N final state

Zum Vorkommen von Staphylokokken mit Methicillin-/ Oxacillinresistenz auf Nasenschleimhäuten, Handflächen melkender Personen und in Rohmilch in ökologischen Milchviehbetrieben

The aim of this pilot prevalence study was to investigate the Oxacillin resistance of 73 Staphylococcus (S.) strains from 29 organic dairy farms in Lower Saxony. The strains were isolated from nasal mucosa and hand skin of milkers, herd bulk milk and mastitis milk samples. After strain identification, the Oxacillin resistance was measured by Etest. 23 strains were identified as S. aureus, four as S. hyicus, 15 as S. xylosus and 31 as other coagulase negative staphylococci. Because of their minimum inhibition concentration (mic) between 0.5 and 1 mg/mL four S. aureus isolates were assigned to borderline Oxacillin resistant S. aureus. Nine coagulase negative isolates had this property too. In total 19 staphylococci isolates had a mic > 1 mg/L and were classified as Oxacillin resistant according to DIN 58940-4 Bbl 1:2004-02. Three of the resistant four S. aureus strains were isolated from nasal mucosa and one from hand skin. To confirm the results the Oxacillin resistance status need to be analysed in a greater number of organic farms

Zur Nutzung von Forschung durch Lehrpersonen: Einblicke in eine qualitative Interviewstudie aus dem Projekt NuBiL

Aufbauend auf Befunden, dass Lehrpersonen Forschung im Berufsalltag nur bedingt nutzen, bietet der Beitrag einen Einblick in das Forschungsprojekt „NuBiL“, in dem die Gründe dieses Nutzungsverhaltens untersucht werden. Dargelegt wird, dass es einen von der Bildungspolitik, aber auch von der Forschung selbst – genauer: von Vertreter*innen der empirischen Bildungsforschung – an Lehrpersonen herangetragenen Anspruch gibt, sich mit berufsbezogener Forschung zu beschäftigen. Demgegenüber verfolgt das vorgestellte Forschungsprojekt das Anliegen, die Logik des beruflichen Alltagshandeln von Lehrpersonen zu untersuchen und vor dem Hintergrund dessen das Nutzungsverhalten bezüglich Forschung zu erforschen. In Annäherung an dieses Anliegen werden in diesem Beitrag erste Ergebnisse einer Interviewstudie vorgestellt, in der mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse zwei Hauptkategorien gebildet wurden: „Ziele/ Motivation, sich mit Forschung/Daten auseinanderzusetzen“ und „Genutzte Forschung/Daten“. Präsentiert wird, dass sich in den diesen Kategorien zugeordneten Aussagen ein relativ weites Verständnis von Forschung spiegelt, welches nicht vollends mit dem Verständnis übereinstimmt, das in der empirischen (Bildungs-) Forschung vertreten wird. Based on findings showing that teachers use research in their everyday professional life just in a limited way, the contribution provides insight in the research project ‘NuBiL’ in which the reasons for this usage behavior are explored. The paper indicates that there is a demand on the part of the educational policy, but also of the research itself – especially of representatives of empirical educational research – made on teachers to deal with work-related research. In contrast to this demand, the presented research project aims at exploring the logic of the professional everyday actions of teachers and – against this background – at investigating the usage behavior regarding research. In approximation to this concern, first results of an interview study will be presented. By using qualitative content analysis, two main categories were created: ‘aims/motivation to deal with research/ data’ and ‘research/data used’. It will be shown that the statements associated with these categories reflect a relative broad understanding of research, which does not correspond completely with the understanding represented within empirical (educational) research

Entwicklung der Eutergesundheit im Zeitraum der Trockenperiode in ökologisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetrieben

As a part of the study „Health and performance of dairy cows in organic farming from an interdisciplinary point of view – an (intervention-) study on metabolic disorders and mastitis with regard to forage production, feeding management and husbandry practices” quarter milk samples from cows at dry off and after calving were taken by farmers in 101 dairy farms in Germany between January 2008 and April 2010. The objective of this study was to evaluate mastitis prevalence at dry off and at calving and the evaluation of different therapeutic regimes at dry off. 3460 cows from 101 dairy farms were examined. Mastitis prevalence at dry off was comparable to conventional farms. At calving organic farms have high mastitis prevalence due to a low cure rate and a high new infection rate in the dry period. The non-use of dry cow antibiotics or teat sealers result in significantly lower cure rates on quarter level (28.7% vs. 33,2%) and higher new infection rates (29.7% vs. 26.4%). The results show, that dry period is a high-risk period for udder health in organic dairy farms. Improvements of the hygienic conditions, the immune defence and the therapeutic regimes offer high potentials for improvement of udder health

Intraoperative visualisation and treatment of salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome by contrast-enhanced ultrasound sialendoscopy (CEUSS):protocol for a phase I single-centre, single-arm, exploratory study

INTRODUCTION: We established a promising sialendoscopic treatment for in vivo enhancement of salivation in salivary glands affected by Sjögren's syndrome (SS). In this technique, the ducts of the salivary glands are irrigated with saline and steroids. This allows for dilatation of ductal strictures and removal of debris. Unfortunately, it is not possible to assess the delivery and penetration of saline or medications in the ductal system and parenchyma. To address this problem, we will conduct contrast-enhanced ultrasound sialendoscopy (CEUSS) using sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles. To the best of our knowledge, microbubbles have never been used for the treatment of salivary glands in SS. It is, therefore, imperative to test this application for its safety and feasibility. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A single-arm phase I study will be performed in 10 SS patients. Under local anaesthesia, ultrasound (US) guided infusion of the parotid and submandibular glands with microbubbles will be performed. Continuous US imaging will be used to visualise the glands, including the location of strictures and occlusions. Main outcomes will be the evaluation of safety and technical feasibility of the experimental treatment. Secondary outcomes will consist of determinations of unstimulated whole mouth saliva flow, stimulated whole mouth saliva flow, stimulated parotid saliva flow, clinical oral dryness, reported pain, xerostomia, disease activity, salivary cytokine profiles and clinical SS symptoms. Finally, salivary gland topographical alterations will be evaluated by US. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of the Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (NL68283.029.19). data will be presented at national and international conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. The study will be implemented and reported in line with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials' statement. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: The Netherlands Trial Register: NL7731, MREC Trial Register: NL68283.029.19; Pre-results

Stoffwechselbelastungen zu Laktationsbeginn und ihr Einfluss auf die Eutergesundheit in ökologisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetrieben

As a part of the study „Health and performance of dairy cows in organic farming from an interdisciplinary point of view – an (intervention-) study on metabolic disorders and mastitis with regard to forage production, feeding management and husbandry practices” different udder health and metabolic parameters were determined in 106 dairy farms in Germany between January 2008 and April 2010. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare udder health and metabolic data in dry period and early lactation within the scope of a preliminary analysis. The analysis shows that relations exist between disturbances of the metabolism health and the udder health. Significant correlations between ketosis and hypocalcämia and udder health make clear that their control is vital for animal health management in organic dairy farms

Risiken und Chancen der Stoffwechsel- und Eutergesundheit im Zeitraum der Trockenperiode und der Frühlaktation in ökologisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetrieben

As a part of the study 'Health and performance of dairy cows in organic farming from an interdisciplinary point of view 13 an (intervention-) study on metabolic disorders and mastitis with regard to forage production, feeding management and husbandry practices' different udder health and metabolic variables were determined in 106 dairy farms in Germany between January 2008 and April 2010. The objective of this study was to evaluate udder health risks and metabolic risks in dry period and early lactation. Udder health and metabolic situation were similar to conventional dairy farms. Identified risks for metabolic health and udder health lay in the feeding area (homogenous feeding without a huge variation in body condition in lactation and dry period) and in the dry period therapy

A New Dawn

BRICS is a significant player in the international arena. Thus, it is important for South Africa as a member of BRICS to explore the implications of the external and internal influences of BRICS. This includes comprehensive understanding of the international and national involvement of BRICS in education provision and introducing discovered influences in South African educational planning. The size of BRICS as international player, in different areas and on different levels, necessitates the research of its functioning and in this case the role of BRICS regarding education provisioning. Therefore, this research and analysis of the contribution of BRICS in education provision are an important addition to the field of effective Education. Through the preliminary literature reviews, we noticed that current studies often are quantitative in nature and lack comparative qualitative exploration about education development in BRICS countries. For this reason, the book titled BRICS Education: A new dawn, will contribute to the flourishment of quality education in South Africa and all BRICS nations. The book will also aim to encourage researchers to join efforts with other researchers of the five member states in order to learn from each other and to address common challenges. To that end, this research will generate scientific knowledge meant to maximize the readers, understanding of the current realities of the education aims at the national (each member state) and collective (BRICS organization) level. The authors of the book are interested in comparing the educational aims across the BRICS countries and explore how successfully these aims are being implemented on-the-ground. Through the discovering of similarities and differences in the educational aims of the five member states and the educational objectives of the BRICS-organization the readers of the book will be able to identify best practices that will allow member states to fulfill the education aims of the BRICS organization at large