Average percentage of phyla identified in control dogs and dogs with IBD.

<p>Data represent the percentage of obtained total 16 S rRNA gene sequences. Error bars represent standard deviations.</p

Long-term effects of canine parvovirus infection in dogs - Fig 1

<p>Panel A shows the distribution of the disease activity index CIBDAI (parameters activity, appetite, vomiting, stool consistency, stool frequency, and weight loss) of dogs of the CPV group (n = 71) and dogs of the control group (n = 67) referring to the episodes with the most severe signs of the chronic gastrointestinal disorder. Disease classification: 0–3: clinically insignificant disease, 4–5: mild IBD, 6–8: moderate IBD, > 9: severe IBD Panel B shows the comparison of both groups using a Box-Whisker-Plot.</p

Signalement and basic information of dogs of the CPV and control group.

<p>Signalement and basic information of dogs of the CPV and control group.</p

Comparison of laboratory parameters.

<p>Comparison of laboratory parameters.</p

Summary of alpha diversity measures per dietary Se treatment group¹.

<p>Summary of alpha diversity measures per dietary Se treatment group<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0179215#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Linear discriminant analysis of KEGG pathways encoded by the nasal microbiota and their associations with dietary Se treatment¹.

<p>Only a LDA score of >2.5 is shown.</p

Relative abundance of the most prevalent bacterial phyla identified in the nasal samples of randomly chosen healthy control calves (n = 5) and calves fed either medium (n = 6) or high (n = 5) Se-enriched alfalfa hay for 8 weeks.

<p>Alfalfa hay was harvested from fields with no Se fertilization (control) or from fields fertilized with sodium-selenate at application rates of 45.0 (medium) or 89.9 (high) g Se/ha.</p

Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of unweighted UniFrac distances of 16S rRNA genes.

<p>Data obtained from nasal samples of randomly chosen healthy control calves (n = 5) and calves fed either medium (n = 6) or high (n = 5) Se-enriched alfalfa hay for 8 weeks. Alfalfa hay was harvested from fields with no Se fertilization (control) or from fields fertilized with sodium-selenate at application rates of 45.0 (medium) or 89.9 (high) g Se/ha.</p

Rarefaction analysis of 16 S rRNA gene sequences obtained from canine duodenal mucosa samples.

<p>Lines represent the average of each group (blue = control dogs; red = dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease), while the error bars represent the standard deviations. The analysis was performed on a randomly selected subset of 840 sequences per sample.</p

Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of unweighted UniFrac distances of 16 S rRNA.

<p>The analysis was performed on a randomly selected subset of 840 sequences per sample. The PCoA plots suggest that clustering was primarily based on intestinal disease rather than environmental factors. <b>A – Analysis according to clinical disease.</b> Control dogs (blue) cluster separately from dogs with IBD (red). <b>B – Age</b>. Blue symbols: dogs 3–4 years of age; orange: 5–6 years; green: 7–8 years; red: 12 years.<b>C – Gender.</b> Red = female dogs; Blue = male dogs. <b>D – Weeks between last dose of antibiotic administration and sample collection.</b> Green = 6 weeks; orange = 3 weeks; blue = 2 weeks; red = n/a (control dogs). <b>E – Fat content in diet.</b> Red = 2.5–4.0 grams of fat/100 kcal ME; blue = 4.1–5.0 grams of fat/100 kcal ME. <b>F – Protein content in diet.</b> Red = 4.0–5.9 grams of protein/100 kcal ME; blue 6.0–6.9 grams of protein/100 kcal ME; orange = 7.0–7.5 grams of protein/100 kcal ME.</p