Artificial intelligence for MRI diagnosis of joints: a scoping review of the current state-of-the-art of deep learning-based approaches

Deep learning-based MRI diagnosis of internal joint derangement is an emerging field of artificial intelligence, which offers many exciting possibilities for musculoskeletal radiology. A variety of investigational deep learning algorithms have been developed to detect anterior cruciate ligament tears, meniscus tears, and rotator cuff disorders. Additional deep learning-based MRI algorithms have been investigated to detect Achilles tendon tears, recurrence prediction of musculoskeletal neoplasms, and complex segmentation of nerves, bones, and muscles. Proof-of-concept studies suggest that deep learning algorithms may achieve similar diagnostic performances when compared to human readers in meta-analyses; however, musculoskeletal radiologists outperformed most deep learning algorithms in studies including a direct comparison. Earlier investigations and developments of deep learning algorithms focused on the binary classification of the presence or absence of an abnormality, whereas more advanced deep learning algorithms start to include features for characterization and severity grading. While many studies have focused on comparing deep learning algorithms against human readers, there is a paucity of data on the performance differences of radiologists interpreting musculoskeletal MRI studies without and with artificial intelligence support. Similarly, studies demonstrating the generalizability and clinical applicability of deep learning algorithms using realistic clinical settings with workflow-integrated deep learning algorithms are sparse. Contingent upon future studies showing the clinical utility of deep learning algorithms, artificial intelligence may eventually translate into clinical practice to assist detection and characterization of various conditions on musculoskeletal MRI exams

Dean Winternitz, Clinical Sociology and the Julius Rosenwald Fund

The earliest published statement of the value of clinical sociology was written by Milton C Winternitz, dean of the Yale School of Medicine from 1920 through 1935. This article presents Winternitz\u27s ideas about clinical sociology and discusses his unsuccessful pursuit of funds to establish a department of clinical sociology The article also introduces two documents written by Winternitz and correspondence from 1931 between Winternitz and Michael M. Davis, director of medical services for the Julius Rosenwald Fund

In Pursuit of Justice: W.E.B. Du Bois

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868-1963) was one of the American pioneers of sociological practice. Du Bois made major contributions to the development of this country through his scientific and popular publications and through his organizational efforts. This article serves as an introduction to Du Bois\u27 work. The first section is about Du Bois\u27 writing and intervention activities and the second focuses on his relationship to the field of sociology. The third section provides information about Herbert Aptheker (1915—), the historian who edited Du Bois\u27 published writings and was custodian of his unpublished work and correspondence. This article introduces Du Bois\u27 1944 autobiographical essay, My Evolving Program for Negro Freedom, and Aptheker\u27s W.E.B. Du Bois: Struggle Not Despair

The Emergence of American Clinical Sociology: The First Courses

This article describes the first clinical sociology courses at the University of Chicago, Tulane University, New York University and Antioch College as well as the proposal for a clinical sociology department at Yale University. The author discusses why the earliest clinical sociology courses didn\u27t become institutionalized in the late 1930s and early 1940s

Engagement Strategy

AtlantOS Engagement and Communication Strateg

Charles Gomillion, Educator-Community Activist

Sociologist Charles Goode Gomillion has devoted his life to improving the status of black Americans living in the South. This essay provides information about Gomillion\u27s years in South Carolina and Alabama and his professional work at Tuskegee University. His civil rights activities in Macon County, Alabama—including bis involvement in a landmark Supreme Court case—also are discussed. Four documents written by Gomillion follow this essay