A Critical Examination of Explorative And Exploitative Innovation in the Smartphone Industry

Organisations need to balance gains from the present through exploitative innovation as well as those from the future through explorative innovation. However, the means of achieving this balance are debated. This paper evaluates alternative conceptualisations of exploratory and exploitative innovation by challenging the assumptions within this body of literature. Utilising two case studies within the smartphone industry, it finds evidence for innovation capabilities and provides insight on how these are created, developed and utilised. It finds support for the fundamental tension between exploratory and exploitative innovation, with the cases revealing ways to resolve this tension. Differing from current definitions of ambidexterity, it highlights that organisations are able to benefit from both innovation capabilities by utilising the market mechanism. The findings offer interesting implications to facilitate organisational comprehension and application of innovation capabilities

Methodological Approaches in Qur’anic Studies: A Critique of Michael Cook’s Approach

This critical study scrutinizes methods that scholars of the Qur'an apply to their research, with a specific emphasis on the major contributions of Michael Cook. The first part of this study starts with a survey of the historiography of Qur'an Studies particularly with the methodological approaches that have significantly contributed to the study of the Qur'an. The narration of prominent works in Qur'anic Studies covers the development of methodologies through the ages by analyzing the crucial contributions of various scholars in the field. Moreover, the study investigates the intellectual achievements of Michael Cook, looking into his conceptual framework and landmark discoveries. Through the application of highly evolved techniques such as text-linguistic analysis, textual exegesis, and comparative religious studies, it evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of Cook's method. It contrasts these with the strengths and weaknesses of alternative methodologies. With this inquiry, we advance the field of Qur'anic Studies by examining Cook's method and also pave the path for further research. This paper seeks to launch discourses on the methodology within the field. This study will encourage researchers to engage in profound and multidisciplinary studies exploring the Qur'an from varied approaches

Proximate composition and mineral profile of eight different unstudied date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties from Pakistan

With the aim of extending the knowledge on chemical composition of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.), eight different sun dried date varieties; (1) Daki, (2) Aseel, (3) Coconut, (4) Khuzravi, (5) Halavi, (6) Zahidi, (7) Deglet Noor and (8) Barkavi were examined to determine their proximate composition and mineral profile. All the date varieties were found to be rich in proteins, fiber, carbohydrates and net gross energy (352.329 Kcal/100 g in Aseel to 425.147 Kcal/100 g in Khuzravi) having suitable levels of lipids and low values of ash, moisture and oxalates. Na, K and Li were found as macrominerals whereas Cr, Cu, Ca, Mg, Ni, Zn and Mn were found as microminerals. The results suggest that all the studied dates serve as good source of vital nutrients and can be considered as premium quality having significantly higher energy values than the earlier reported values for dates

Comparison of microcoils and polyvinyl alcohol particles in selective microcatheter angioembolization of non variceal acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles with microcoils in angiembolisation of non variceal acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage.Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients who underwent transcatheter angioembolization from January, 1995 to December, 2013 at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Patients were divided into two groups on basis of use of either microcoils or PVA particles and compared in terms of technical success, clinical success, re-bleeding and ischemic complication rates. Chi (chi(2)) square and Fisher\u27s exact tests were applied and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Fifty seven patients underwent angioembolization. Microcoil and PVA particles embolization was performed in 63% (36/57) and 35% (20/57) cases respectively. Technical success was achieved in all cases (100%). Clinical success rate was higher in microcoils group (92%) than PVA particles group (75%) with statistically significant P value (p=0.048). Ischemic complication was seen in one case (3%) in the microcoil group, while no such complications were seen in the PVA particles group.CONCLUSION: In angioembolization of non variceal acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage microcoils are better than Polyvinyl alcohol particles with higher clinical success and lower re-bleed rates