Lowell vs. Faxon and Hawkes: A celebrated malpractice suit in Maine

Introduction Forty years ago the Maine Medical Association appointed a committee to investigate the legend, that ten years before, an important post-mortem examination had been performed on the body of a man, who had suffered many years from an alleged dislocation of the hip joint. The idea in trying to obtain a report of the examination was to discover information that might be of value to the profession in the diagnosis and treatment of such dislocation, in general, while additional interest attached to the case owing to the thirty-seven years that had elapsed since I the original injury. The committee failed to report; they could find nothing of the alleged examination, and to every physician in Maine it remained a myth.https://digicom.bpl.lib.me.us/books_pubs/1052/thumbnail.jp

Phosphate Exploration and Property Evaluation in Southeastern Idaho, Illustrated by the Dry Valley Area

The western phosphate field produced about 15 percent, in 1970, of the nation\u27s domestically consumed phosphate rock and contains an estimated 58 percent of the nation\u27s indicated phosphate reserves. The central portion of the western phosphate field, which contains the Dry Valley area of southeastern Idaho, encompasses the greatest amount of mineable phosphate reserves in the smallest geographic area within the western field. Exploration of properties in the area should follow an orderly sequence of literature search, area reconnaissance, detailed target appraisal, and detailed three-dimensional sampling to effectively evaluate each property. Present exploration techniques include topographic analysis, vegetative investigation, profile drilling patterns using a portable rotary-table drilling rig, geophysical logging of the drill holes including gamma-radiation logs, neutron logs, temperature gradient and differential temperature logs, and bulk density logs, trenching, tunneling, and test mining. The economic analysis of exploration programs embodies bookkeeping, project cost forecasting and an economic analysis of alternate methods of exploration. The evaluation of individual phosphate properties includes such variables as geology, mining characteristics, alternate concepts in reserve calculation, transportation and governmental policies. The structural geology of the Dry Valley area is less complex than the structural geology of other phosphate deposits in the western phosphate field. Yet most structural features outlined by drilling in Dry Valley occur elsewhere in the western phosphate field. The stratigraphy of the Phosphoria Formation and its Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member is simple and correlatable throughout southeastern Idaho through the use of gamma-radiation logs. The history of land acquisition and property evaluation by FMC in Dry Valley covers a relatively short eight-year period. Future plans for companies operating in the western phosphate field include trading and selling of properties to build mineable units covering large volumes of the estimated 300,000,000 tons of economically surface extractable ore in the Dry Valley vicinity

Attaining Aichi Target 11: How Well Are Marine Ecosystem Services Covered by Protected Areas?

The spatial coverage of marine and coastal protected areas worldwide has shown a rapid increase in recent years. Over 32% of the world's coral reefs and over 36% of the world's mangrove forests now fall within protected areas. However, simple measures of extent are insufficient for assessing progress toward achieving global targets. Notably, the CBD Aichi Target 11 calls for 'at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water areas, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services' to be protected. There is, therefore, an urgent need to assess how well protected areas cover these areas of importance for ecosystem services

Introduction of New Value Stream Through Vermicomposting Process

The purpose of our project is to analyze whether a waste byproduct can be monetized into a viable profit stream for Wonderbird Spirits. Spent grain, a waste byproduct created by the distillation process, is currently the company’s biggest source of material waste. The CME project team designed and built a trommel to aid liquid-solid separation of the spent grain so that the solid portion can be repurposed as feedstock for a vermicomposting setup. We also suggest vermicomposting setup for the distillery based on the needs and capabilities of Wonderbird Spirits. We present financial analyses detailing the cost of creating the trommel along with the possible revenue from the vermicast

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How Will The Politics And Government Of Hong Kong Change In 2047 When The “One Country, Two Systems” Policy Has Expired.

Since the official transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from Great Britain to China in 1997, Hong Kong has been governed under a special set of laws dubbed “One Country, Two Systems”. Though Hong Kong and the mainland are one country, the People’s Republic of China, they are governed under two different systems with regards to economic and political policy. This two-system agreement has been seen as a guarantor of Hong Kong’s Western-style democracy and political freedoms, especially as compared to the rest of the People’s Republic. However, the system was set to be in place for only fifty years and is due to expire in 2047. The upcoming expiration of the One Country, Two Systems style of governance has led to speculation as to whether or not 2047 will spell the end of Hong Kong’s way of life. Through data gathered from research into other studies of the same topic, as well as interviews with experts from Hong Kong, these fears seem unfounded. Because of Hong Kong’s significant economic importance to China, as well as the presence of Western interests and nationals in Hong Kong, the expiration of the One Country, Two Systems law is not expected to affect any sort of significant change for Hong Kong. Though the Chinese government is likely to continue suppression of independence movements, and immigration to the island is expected to increase, the general projection for Hong Kong after the expiration of the Two Systems law will continue into the future in a very similar way since cost and gains do not seem to be equitable for mainland China

Perspectives on practice and the interpretation of personalisation by healthcare professionals working within the NHS in England

This study examined perspectives on practice and the interpretation of personalisation by healthcare professionals working within the NHS in England. It revealed that notions of responsiveness to individuals and increased voice and choice were fundamental to the majority interpretation of personalisation, as was the assumption that personalisation improves outcomes for patients. Yet, there was a lack of agreement regarding the expected roles and responsibilities of, and resultant relationship between, patients and professionals, with voice and choice posing alternative approaches to responsiveness. Critically, these interpretations were compatible with the shallow version of personalisation, wherein patients are seen as dependent on professionals and the state. Deeper interpretations of personalisation as co-production and self-organisation were not evident. The study established that time pressures, standardised resources and financial constraints were perceived as major issues confronting responsiveness and there was a common perception that demands were increasing whilst supplies were decreasing. These public service gaps were problematic in themselves but they has also resulted in a number of role conflicts, which were also derivation of the various accountabilities impacting on practice. Nonetheless, participants were inclined to strongly identify with personalisation on the basis that, in their views, it would improve outcomes for patients

Notes

Notes by R. Emmett Fitzgerald, Joseph C. Spalding, Bernard James McGraw, Robert A. Stewart, Sidney Baker, Maurice J. Moriarty, E. Milton Farley, III, and Robert A. Layden

Candidemia on presentation to the hospital: development and validation of a risk score

Introduction: Candidemia results in substantial morbidity and mortality, especially if initial antifungal therapy is delayed or is inappropriate; however, candidemia is difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific presentation. Methods: To develop a risk score for identifying hospitalized patients with candidemia, we performed a retrospective analysis of a large database of 176 acute-care hospitals in the United States. We studied 64,019 patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) on presentation from 2000 through 2005 (derivation cohort) and 24,685 from 2006 to 2007 (validation cohort). We used recursive partitioning (RPART) to identify the best discriminators for Candida as the cause of BSI. We compared three sets of models (equal-weight, unequal-weight, vs full model with additional variables from logistic regression model) for sensitivity analysis. Results: The RPART identified 6 variables as the best discriminators: age 0.10, indicating predicted and observed candidemia rates did not differ significant across the 7 risk stratus). The full model with 16 risk factors had slightly higher AUROCs (0.74 versus 0.73 for derivation versus validation); however, 7 variables were no longer significant in the recalibrated model for the validation cohort, indicating that the additional items did not materially enhance the model. Conclusions: A simple equal-weight risk score differentiated patients' risk for candidemia in a graded fashion upon hospital presentation