Mutation induced by gamma irradiation in coriander seeds and their identification by RAPD makers

This study was accomplished to detect variation generated through exposure of Coriander  ( Coriandrum sativum  L.) seeds to five  gamma irradiation doses (0,25,50,100 and150 ) GY by using eighteen  RAPDs primers as molecular marker ,results indicated that  primers OPC-05 ,OPC-19,  OPA-10,OPA-15 and OPB-06 success in giving three treatments a unique fingerprint  .Molecular size of amplified ranged between  1860 bp produced by primer OPA-04  and   115  bp    produced by primer OPW-04  . Highest degree for polymorphism was   91.66 % produced by primer OPA-04. Monomorphic bands appeared in their higher value in primer OPC-09 . Primer OPA-10 gave highest number   unique bands ( reached to seven bands )      Primer OPC-19 gave highest value for amplified bands  , primer OPA-10 gave highest value for main bands, Discrimination, in addition to  primer efficiency value  produced in their high value by primer OPA-04.This study revealed RAPD markers in detection mutation induced by gamma irradiation

Effect of gamma radiation on antioxidant enzymes and biochemicals of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L)

Coriander or Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.), is an annual herb that distinguishes with short life cycle , it displays broad adaptation as a crop around the world , growing well under many different types of soil and weather conditions. The analysis was carried out in 2022 in the laboratories of  Biology Department, College of Science under stable variables such as temperature, humidity, sunlight, grains of  Coriander   were irradiated with gamma rays at dose levels ( 25,50, 100 and 150 Gy) in addition to control treatment ( not irradiated )  using Cobalt 60 as irradiation source and planted in nursery of AL-Kufa university  to study the effects of gamma irradiation on the antioxidant enzymes (Antioxidant enzyme include Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) in addition to several biochemicals (Chlorophyll a and b , α and β Carotenes , Proline and Malondialdehyde). In sum, the results here presented show that the effects of gamma radiation of   Coriander depend on the irradiation dose.&nbsp

Charecterization of mutation induced in Fenugreek by Gamma Ray using rapd marker

This study was accomplished to detect variation generated through eposure of fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds to seven gamma irradiation doses (0,25,50,100,150,300 and 400) GY by using twenty RAPDs primers as molecular marker ,results indicated that  primers OPA-14 ,OPC-19 and OPH-01success in giving five treatments a unique fingerprint. Molecular size of amplicon ranged between 2913 bp produced by primer OPB-06 and 118 bp produced by primer OPW-04.Highest degree for polymorphism was 90.92% produced by primer OPC-05. Monomorphic bands appeared in their higher value in primer OPC-08. Primer OPA-15 gave highest number unique bands Primer OPH-01 gave highest value for (amplified, main) bands, discrimination, in addition to primer efficiency value. Silght variation produce among primers OPE-02, OPC-05, OPH-01 and OPA-14. This study revealed RAPD markers in detection mutation induced by gamma irradiation

Antioxidant Bioactivity of Samsum Ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) Venom Protects against CCL4-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

To assess whether SAV could influence the effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) exposure, mice were treated with SAV in doses of 100, 200, 300 and 400 μg/kg body weight and the effects on oxidative status and kidney function were studied. Serum levels of creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and blood urea, together with renal and hepatic levels of MDA, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were quantified in order to evaluate antioxidant activity. Results showed that the group injected with CCL4 exhibited significantly higher levels of oxidative stress markers, MDA, and significantly lower concentrations of GSH, SOD and catalase. SAV was found to significantly improve these oxidative markers, occasionally, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment with SAV was associated with the same behaviour in respect to kidney functions which had previously been impaired by CCL4. Histopathological examination demonstrated that SAV, in different groups, improved the renal tissue damage induced by CCL4 and histological scores confirmed that significant improvements were obtained after treatment with SAV, particularly with the lowest dose (100 μg/kg body weight). In conclusion, SAV has the potential capability to restore oxidative stability and to improve kidney functions after CCL4 acute injury

The Alleviative Effect of Vitamin B2 on Potassium Bromate-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Rats

Potassium bromate (PB) is a food enhancer, water disinfection by-product, and a proven carcinogen. It elicits toxicities in the living organism due to exposure and in a dose-dependent manner. The present study discourses the ameliorative efficacy of riboflavin (RF) in PB-administered rodents. The animals were distributed into five treatment groups: control (group I), PB alone (group II, 150 mg/kg), RF alone (group III, 2 mg/kg), PB+RF1 (group IV, 150 mg/kg+2 mg/kg), and PB+RF2 (group V, 150 mg/kg+4 mg/kg). After the round of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed to collect their blood and liver samples for the detailed analysis. Group II depicted perturbed liver functions evidenced by altered serum and toxicity markers along with the disturbed redox balance. Also, these biochemical results were found harmonious with histopathological analysis and comet assay. However, group III showed no noticeable alteration in the same parameters, whereas the combination groups (IV and V) exhibited dose-dependent amelioration in the PB-induced toxicities. Interestingly, RF favored apoptosis concomitant with suppressing the necrosis in the PB-challenged groups, as shown by the activity of caspase-3 and lactate dehydrogenase. Histopathological analysis and comet assay further consolidate these results. Hence, RF has significant alleviative property against PB-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo that can be used in the consumer items containing the toxicant

Assessment of the relationships between IL-17A polymorphisms and the risk to acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Saudi population

The most studied IL-17 family member is IL-17A. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many disorders, including inflammatory, autoimmune and cancer disorders. However, the role of this cytokine in the pathophysiology of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of IL-17A gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the occurrence of ALL in Saudi population. The current study included 136 patients with ALL and 114 age and gender-matched healthy controls. The relationship between three functional SNPs of IL-17A gene; rs3748067, rs3819025 and rs8193036 was assessed in both ALL and healthy control following five inheritance models. In addition. the level of IL-17A mRNA was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results revealed a statistically significant protective effect of the rs3748067 CT genotype against ALL in dominant, overdominant and additive models (p  0.05). Haplotype analysis showed association of CTG (OR = 0.52, 95 %CI 0.29–0.94, p = 0.03), and TCG (OR = 0.45, 95 %CI 0.25–0.81, p = 0.009) of rs3748067, rs8193036 and rs3819025 with higher risk of ALL. Our results showed that IL-17A promoter rs3748067 variant may reduces the risk to ALL

Disulfiram Enhances the Antineoplastic Activity and Sensitivity of Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma to 5-FU via Redox Management

The efficacy of anticancer drug 5-FU is suppressed due to various factors, including severe side effects and decreased insensitivity during prolonged chemotherapy. Elevated endogenous copper (Cu) levels are one of the prominent hallmark features of cancer cells. In the present investigation, this feature was targeted in diethyl nitrosamine-phenobarbital-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a rat model system by an established anticancer drug, 5-FU, co-administered with copper and its chelating agent, disulfiram. After treatment with the test chemicals in HCC-induced rats, blood and liver samples were subjected to biochemical, molecular, and histopathological analyses. The analysis revealed that reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress is the crucial etiological reason for the pathogenesis of HCC in rats, as evidenced by the significantly compromised activity of major antioxidant enzymes and elevated levels of oxidative damaged products with major histological alterations compared to the control. However, the combination of 5-FU with DSF demonstrated a significant improvement in most of the parameters, followed by 5-FU-Cu in the combination-treated groups. The combination treatment improved the histological details and triggered apoptosis in the cancer cells to a remarkable extent, as the levels of cleaved PARP and caspase-3 were significantly higher than those in the HCC rats treated with the drug alone. The present study envisages that manipulating the Cu-level greatly enhances the antineoplastic activity of 5-FU and sensitizes cancer cells to the increased efficacy of the drug

Myxobolus opsaridiumi sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting different tissues of an ornamental fish, Opsaridium ubangiensis (Pellegrin, 1901), in Cameroon: morphological and molecular characterization

We report a new myxozoan, Myxobolus opsaridiumi sp. nov., infecting the ornamental fish Opsaridium ubangiensis (Pellegrin, 1901) collected from the Anga River near the city of Yaounde, Cameroon. Plasmodia were found in the skin, muscles and spleen. The overall prevalence of infection was 54.7% (288 parasitized fish out of 526 examined). The myxospores were ovoid to subspherical in frontal view and lenticular in lateral view. The valves were symmetrical and relatively thick, without edge markings. The myxospore measurements were 10.7 ± 0.14 (10–11.5) μm long, 9 ± 0.15 (8–10) μm wide and 6.2 ± 0.7 (5.6–7.2) μm thick. The two ovoid polar capsules were equal in size, converging and opening together at the anterior end, measuring 5 ± 0.07 (4.3–6.0) μm long and 2.7 ± 0.07 (2.2–3.0) μm wide. Polar filaments were coiled from 5 to 7 turns. Histopathological analysis revealed no inflammatory reaction associated with the infection. A BLAST search found that the newly obtained 18 rDNA sequence had a low sequence similarity with available sequences for Myxobolus on GenBank. A phylogenetical analysis based on ribosomal DNA partial sequences showed that M. opsaridiumi sp. nov. is closely associated with several species of Myxobolus infecting cyprinid fish