Exploring the Potential of Soil Salinity Assessment through Remote Sensing and GIS: Case Study in the Coastal Rural Areas of Bangladesh

Soil salinity is a negative impact of climate change, and it is a significant problem for the coastal region of Bangladesh, which has been increasing in the last four decades. The issue of soil salinity substantially limits the agricultural crop production in coastal areas. Therefore, a soil salinity assessment is essential for proper land-use planning in agricultural crop production. This research was carried out to determine the soil salinity area with different salinity levels in Barguna Sadar Upazila (sub-district). The remote sensing technique, which is a potentially quick yet effective method for the soil salinity estimation in data-scarce conditions, was applied. The methodology employed the Landsat 8 OLI dataset along with nine soil salinity indices to develop a soil salinity map. The maps were from Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), and low NDVI value (−0.01 to 0.48) was produced using satellite images illustrate the extent of the soil salinity for the study area. However, nine linear regressions, which were made between the pixel value of the satellite-based generated map and ground truth soil salinity data, that is, the EC value, indicate a maximum R2 value for the salinity index SI 7 = G × R/B, representing a value of 0.022. This minimal R2 value indicates a negligible relationship between the ground EC value and the pixel value of the salinity index generated map, inferring that the indices are not sufficient to assess the soil salinity. Nonetheless, this research’s findings offer a guide for researchers to investigate alternative geospatial approaches for this geophysical condition

Exploring the Potential of Soil Salinity Assessment through Remote Sensing and GIS: Case Study in the Coastal Rural Areas of Bangladesh

Soil salinity is a negative impact of climate change, and it is a significant problem for the coastal region of Bangladesh, which has been increasing in the last four decades. The issue of soil salinity substantially limits the agricultural crop production in coastal areas. Therefore, a soil salinity assessment is essential for proper land-use planning in agricultural crop production. This research was carried out to determine the soil salinity area with different salinity levels in Barguna Sadar Upazila (sub-district). The remote sensing technique, which is a potentially quick yet effective method for the soil salinity estimation in data-scarce conditions, was applied. The methodology employed the Landsat 8 OLI dataset along with nine soil salinity indices to develop a soil salinity map. The maps were from Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), and low NDVI value (−0.01 to 0.48) was produced using satellite images illustrate the extent of the soil salinity for the study area. However, nine linear regressions, which were made between the pixel value of the satellite-based generated map and ground truth soil salinity data, that is, the EC value, indicate a maximum R2 value for the salinity index SI 7 = G × R/B, representing a value of 0.022. This minimal R2 value indicates a negligible relationship between the ground EC value and the pixel value of the salinity index generated map, inferring that the indices are not sufficient to assess the soil salinity. Nonetheless, this research’s findings offer a guide for researchers to investigate alternative geospatial approaches for this geophysical condition

Qur'anic solutions to working women's problems in workplace

This paper describes some major problems of working women in Bangladesh, especially in garment industry which is regarded to be the second highest foreign currency earner among other sources of Bangladesh economy. In Bangladesh, there are more than six thousand garment industries where around six million people work and majority of them are women. The problems faced by these working women are extreme in nature. It may pose a serious threat to the development of Bangladesh economy. The research asserts that if these problems persist and not tackled effectively, the number of working women will gradually diminish; consequently, the economic growth of Bangladesh will stand far from its desired goa

Women’s problems in workplace of Bangladesh: an analytical study

Bangladesh is one of the fastest growing countries in South Asia whose growth rate was 7. 1 percent and 7.2 percent in 2016 and 2017 respective years. In 2017 it was the second fastest growing country in South Asia. Behind this rapid growth of this country there is a great dedication of a big number of working women who came from rural areas of Bangladesh who have been working in different garment and textile industries across the country. In total 6500 factories the number of laborers is 4 million where 85% are women. However, this sector is playing very significant role to advance Bangladesh to the current position. The study found that the involvement of women in workplace indeed, is a sign of cooperation, rapid progress and prosperity for a developing country like Bangladesh. So, the owners of companies and governmental agencies should come forward to provide a peaceful and harassment-free atmosphere removing all sorts of obstacles for women to keep active the economic wheel of Bangladesh through ensuring necessary privileges which can encourage them to more massively contribute to the development of Bangladesh

Qur'anic solutions to working women's problems in workplace

This paper describes some major problems of working women in Bangladesh, especially in garment industry which is regarded to be the second highest foreign currency earner among other sources of Bangladesh economy. In Bangladesh, there are more than six thousand garment industries where around six million people work and majority of them are women. The problems faced by these working women are extreme in nature. It may pose a serious threat to the development of Bangladesh economy. The research asserts that if these problems persist and not tackled effectively, the number of working women will gradually diminish; consequently, the economic growth of Bangladesh will stand far from its desired goal

Evaluating the performance of gamma irradiated okra fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites: comparative study with jute/PP

Abstract In this study, two bast fibers such as okra and jute were selected to manufacture composites taking polypropylene (PP) as matrix material by means of compression molding technique with maintaining 40% fiber content on the total weight of the composites. Investigation was done on tensile properties such as tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (EB%), bending properties such as bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM) and impact properties like impact strength (IS) and hardness (Shore-A) of the composites. From analyzed data, it was found that Okra/PP composites showed very competitive mechanical properties to Jute/PP composites. Non-irradiated okra composite showed the value of TS, TM, BS, BM, IS and hardness to be 32.2 MPa, 602 MPa, 55.6 MPa, 3.6 GPa, 19.54 kJ/m2 and 95 (Shore-A), respectively, whereas that value for non-irradiated jute composite was 35.5 MPa, 629 MPa, 71.5 MPa, 4.5 GPa, 21.48 kJ/m2 and 96 (Shore-A), respectively. The composite samples were exposed to different intensities of gamma radiation (250‒1000 krad) at a dose rate of 330 krad/h and changes in mechanical properties were examined. Both irradiated composites (500 krad) showed significant improvement of mechanical properties compared to that of the non-irradiated composites. Maximum TS, TM, BS, BM and IS value were found to be 41.9 MPa, 685 MPa, 72 MPa, 4.7 GPa and 22.6 kJ/m2, respectively for irradiated okra composite and 45.3 MPa, 717 MPa, 88 MPa, 6.7 GPa and 24.3 kJ/m2, respectively for irradiated jute composite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the surface groups of the composites. Water absorption, degradation behavior of the composites under soil and heat medium were also performed. Degradation tests revealed that okra composite retained its original mechanical properties higher than that of jute composite. The morphology of the composites was inspected by scanning electron microscope

Dendritic Cells (DCs)-Based Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review on the Prospects of Medicinal Plants and Their Phytochemicals as Potential Pharmacological Modulators

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells in humans and animals that provide antigen-specific T-cell immunity in the body. It also establishes a linkage between innate and adaptive immune responses. Various studies have shown that malignancies or cancer may impair DCs and effector T-cell functions. DCs have now become a new molecular target for the treatment of cancer. Modified matured DCs could be novel biological modifiers to treat various diseases, including cancer. This review aims to provide an update on the impacts of various plant materials and their phytochemicals on DC-based cancer immunotherapy. Existing literature on DC-based cancer immunotherapy and plant-based pharmacological modulators has been explored over the last decade using various online databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. Mounting evidence from preclinical and clinical findings suggests that various plants and their bioactive phytochemicals are effective in modulating the immune system and signaling pathways involved in anti-tumor immunity. Despite the prospective role of herbs in DC-based cancer immunotherapy, most of the studies are limited by either preclinical models or crude plant extracts. This review provides a useful perspective for developing potential plant-derived pharmacological modulators in DC-based cancer immunotherapy

Pernicious Attitude of Microbial Biofilms in Agri-Farm Industries: Acquisitions and Challenges of Existing Antibiofilm Approaches

Biofilm is a complex matrix made up of extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins that protect bacteria against physical, chemical, and biological stresses and allow them to survive in harsh environments. Safe and healthy foods are mandatory for saving lives. However, foods can be contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms at any stage from farm to fork. The contaminated foods allow pathogenic microorganisms to form biofilms and convert the foods into stigmatized poison for consumers. Biofilm formation by pathogenic microorganisms in agri-farm industries is still poorly understood and intricate to control. In biofilms, pathogenic bacteria are dwelling in a complex manner and share their genetic and physicochemical properties making them resistant to common antimicrobial agents. Therefore, finding the appropriate antibiofilm approaches is necessary to inhibit and eradicate the mature biofilms from foods and food processing surfaces. Advanced studies have already established several emerging antibiofilm approaches including plant- and microbe-derived biological agents, and they proved their efficacy against a broad-spectrum of foodborne pathogens. This review investigates the pathogenic biofilm-associated problems in agri-farm industries, potential remedies, and finding the solution to overcome the current challenges of antibiofilm approaches