Izolacija i sposobnost hvatanja slobodnih radikala cijanidin 3-O-glikozida iz plodova Ribes biebersteinii Berl.

The reversed-phase preparative high performance liquid chromatographic purification of the methanol extract of the fruits of Ribes biebersteinii Berl. (Grossulariaceae) afforded five cyanidin glycosides, 3-O-sambubiosyl-5-O-glucosyl cyanidin (1), cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside (2), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (3), cyanidin 3-O-(2G-xylosyl)-rutinoside (4) and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (5). They showed considerable free-radical-scavenging properties in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay with the RC50 values of 9.29 × 106, 9.33 × 106, 8.31 × 106, 8.96 × 106 and 9.55 × 106 mol L1, respectively. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by various chemical hydrolyses and spectroscopic means. The total anthocyanin content was 1.9 g per 100 g dried fruits on cyanidin 3-glucoside basis.Pet cijanidin glikozida, 3-O-sambubiozil-5-O-glukozil cijanidin (1), cijanidin 3-O-sambubiozid (2), cijanidin 3-O-glukozid (3), cijanidin 3-O-(2G-ksilozil)-rutinozid (4) i cijanidin 3-O-rutinosid (5) izolirani su iz metanolnog ekstrakta plodova Ribes biebersteinii Berl. (Grossulariaceae) koristeći reverzno-faznu preparativnu tekućinsku kromatografiju visoke učinkovitosti. Cijanidin glikozidi pokazali su sposobnost hvatanja slobodnih radikala u pokusu s 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazilom (DPPH). Dobivene su sljedeće RC50 vrijednosti: 9,29 × 106, 9,33 × 106, 8,31 × 106, 8,96 × 106, odnosno 9,55 × 106 mol L1. Strukture glikozida određene su kemijskom hidrolizom i spektroskopijom masa. Ukupni sadržaj antocijanina bio je 1,9 g na 100 g suhih plodova preračunato na cijanidin 3-glukozid

On study of X-ray absorption and properties of dispersion of W, MoS2 and B4C particles in high density polyethylene

Shielding radiation from both x-rays and gamma-rays is important for personnel in medical fields e.g. interventional radiology, nuclear power stations, and other inspection facilities where radiation is involved. Lead is known for its effective shielding property against these high energy radiations, however heaviness and toxicity are its main drawback. In this study effectiveness of non-lead polymeric composite materials, which include high-atomic-number / or known barrier elements to absorb photons from the radiations was evaluated. High density polyethylene as matrix and powders of spherical W and lamellar MoS2 and B4C as particulate fillers with different loadings were melt mixed in an internal mixer, followed by compression molding in to sheet form. The goodness of dispersion was manifested via SEM and EDX images. Radiation attenuation capability of these compounds was examined with direct diagnostic x-ray exposure and compared with that of Pb. Dynamic rheology measurements were carried out to evaluate viscoelastic properties of the molten composite materials, necessary in shaping process operations. The mechanical and thermal properties were further investigated from the product performance point of view. Results demonstrated that the flexible composite sheet made with 45% (wt) tungsten provided comparable x-ray absorption to non-flexible lead sheet but much lighter in weight. Significant difference was observed between flow characteristics and yield strength of composite materials of highly loaded spherical metallic particles and lamellar particles of metallic compounds. The melt viscoelastic behavior of former was similar to that of neat matrix melt

Effects of aqueous saffron extract on nitric oxide production by two human carcinoma cell lines: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and laryngeal carcinoma (Hep2)

Objective: A number of studies have demonstrated the potential antitumor effects of saffron and its constituents on different malignant cells in vitro. It has been reported that a novel glycoconjugate isolated from corms and callus of saffron possesses cytotoxic activity against different tumor cellswith nitric oxide (NO) production. These data suggest that the cytotoxic effect of saffron extract may be related to an effect on nitric oxide production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of whole saffron extract on NO production by the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2) and laryngeal carcinoma cell line (Hep-2). Materials and Methods: The cell lines were treated with a saffron extract. The morphologic changes were observed and recorded after 24, 48 and 72 of incubation. The MTT test was used to assess cell viability and the quantitative changes in NO production was evaluated using Griess test in the aforementioned time intervals. Results: The morphologic images showed qualitative changes in both  cell lines. The MTT assay results indicated that there was an increase in cytotoxic effect by adding the extract at concentrations of 0, 200, 400 and 800 µg/ml. However, the NO concentration decreased significantly after 6, 12, 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation, respectively. IC50 of 400 µg/ml was obtained for HepG2 cells; however, Hep2 and L929 cells did not respond to any extract concentrations. Conclusion: Thisstudy suggested that the saffron extract had a cytotoxic effect on HepG-2 and Hep-2 cell lines. The cytotoxic effect was probably related to a decrease in the NO concentration

Prognostic value of HIF-1α in digestive system malignancies: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of HIF-1α expression with clinicopathological features and overall survival (OS) of patients with digestive system malignancies. Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is abnormally expressed in various solid tumors. However, the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of HIF-1α expression in patients with digestive system malignancies remain controversial. Methods: A literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was performed to identify all relevant studies published in English until 15 October 2020. The pooled effect was calculated to evaluate the association between HIF-1α expression and clinicopathological features and overall survival in cancer patients. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95 confidence interval (CI) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects model based on between-study heterogeneity. Results A total of 44 eligible studies with 5,964 patients were included. The pooled results indicated a positive association of HIF-1α overexpression with poor overall survival (OS) (HR=1.990, 95 CI: 1.615-2.453, p<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.90, 95 CI: 1.084-3.329, p=0.043). Meta-analysis results showed that HIF-1α level expression was significantly associated with positive lymph node metastasis (OR=1.869, 95 CI: 1.488-2.248, p<0.001), distance metastasis (OR=2.604, 95 CI: 1.500-4.519, p<0.001), tumor stage (OR=1.801, 95 CI: 1.437-2.257, p<0.001) and tumor size (OR=1.392. 95 CI: 1.068-1.815, p=0.014). Conclusion: This meta-data suggest that HIF-1α expression might serve as an independent prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target in patients with digestive system malignancies

PapG Gene cloning, Escherichia coli uropathogen and examination of its subsequence diversity

infections are one of the most prevalent human infections. Despite different antigens and toxins of interfering bacteria in infection, one of the important agents in the infections arising from Escherichia coli and the other gram negative bacteria is bacterial binding to host cell surface, so inhibiting the bacterial binding is an appropriate strategy to inhibit the infection. Whereas PapG protein acts as adhesion, it can be an appropriate candidate for developingvaccine. Material and Methods: A Genomic DNA of Escherichia coli bacterium extracted from clinical strain containing PapGII gene. Upon designing primer for PapGII gene, the PCR reaction was applied. The product of PCR was cloned in pBluescript (SK-) plasmid. Using Clustal W and MEGA4 software, the gained subsequence was alignmented with the gene subsequence existing in gene bank and its gene diversity was studied. Results: Based on was down alignment, N terminal on the protein surface and DNA are protected. Conclusion: N terminal domain of PapG gene is a conserved sequence among clinical straines? And it could be used for designing a vaccine against urinary tract infection

fimH gene cloning, of Escherichia coli uropathogen and examination of its subsequence diversity

Background: Escherichia coli uropathogen is the most prevalent pathogen separated from urinary tract that often is originated from intestinal flora of the own person. Urinary tract infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in Human. Whereas binding stage has an important role in bacteria colonization and then the infection is created, one of the most important strategies for inhibiting the infection is inhibiting the bacterial binding. As fimH protein is acting as adhesion it could be an appropriate candidate for producingvaccine. Material and Methods: First, genomic DNA of Escherichia coli bacteria extracted from strain 35218 ATCC. Upon designing primer for fimH gene, the PCR reaction has been applied with Taq DNA Polymerase and then pfu DNA polymerase enzymes. pBluescript (SK-) plasmid has been applied for cloning the product of PCR. Using ClustalW and MEGA4 software, the subsequence was alignmented with the gene subsequence existing in gene bank and its gene diversity was examined. Results: After sequencing the cloned fimH gene using ClustalW and MEGA4 software, the result of this subsequence were alignmented with the subsequence of Escherichia coli containing fimH gene existing in gene bank and based on this alignment, N terminal on the protein surface and DNA are protected. Conclusion: N terminal domain of fimH gene is a conserved sequence among clinical isolates and it could be used for designing a vaccine against urinary tract infection