The effect of education for iron consumption based on the theory of planned behavior in pregnant women in Mashhad

Background and aim: Iron is an essential element for women of reproductive age, especially in the period before pregnancy and during this period. This study was aimed to investigate the consumption of iron to prevent iron deficiency anemia based on the theory of planned behavior on pregnant women in Mashhad city. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 160 pregnant women referred to health center No. 1 in Mashhad town who were allocated to case (80) and control (80) groups randomly in 2014. Intervention was done in four 75- minute sessions. Data were collected using a questionnaire made by researcher based on the theory of planned behavior and blood lab exam (Ferritin). Questionnaires were distributed and completed immediately, and 3 months after educational intervention were repeated again. Results: The average rates of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control and intention to use of iron intervention group was increased 3 months after the intervention significantly (P0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the effect of education in promoting iron consumption in pregnant women, it is suggested that iron supplementation promotion workshops should be held in health centers with the aim of preventing iron deficiency anemia in health centers

Factors related to reduction in the consumption of fast food: application of the theory-based approaches

Background. The Trans-Theoretical model (TTM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) may be promising models for understanding and predicting reduction in the consumption of fast food. The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of the Trans-Theoretical model (TTM) and the additional predictive role of the subjective norms and perceived behavioural control in predicting reduction consumption of fast food in obese Iranian adolescent girls. Materials and methods. A cross sectional study design was conducted among twelve randomly selected schools in Sabzevar, Iran from 2015 to 2017. Four hundred eighty five randomly selected students consented to participate in the study. Hierarchical regression models used to predict the role of important variables that can influence the reduction in the consumption of fast food among students. using SPSS version 22. Results. Variables Perceived behavioural control (r=0.58, P<0.001), Subjective norms (r=0.51, P<0.001), self-efficacy (r=0.49, P<0.001), decisional balance (pros) (r=0.29, P<0.001), decisional balance (cons) (r=0.25, P<0.001), stage of change (r=0.38, P<0.001), were significantly and positively correlated while experiential processes of change (r=0.08, P=0.135) and behavioural processes of change (r=0.09, P=0.145), were not significant.Conclusions. The study demonstrated that the TTM (except the experiential and behavioural processes of change) focusing on the perceived behavioural control and subjective norms are useful models for reduction in the consumption of fast food

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy on Healthy Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) in promoting quality of life in Neyshabur women with breast cancer. Methods: This study was an interventional design that was conducted on 124 women with breast cancer (any stage) in Iran 2018. One hundred and fourteen women with breast cancer were paired by age and randomized to either 12-week MBAT intervention group or a wait-list-control group. One hundred and fourteen women with breast cancer completed both the pre-and post-study measurements. As compared to the control group, the MBAT group demonstrated a significant decrease in symptoms of distress and significant improvements in key aspects of the health-related quality of life (as measured by the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life - BREF questionnaire). Results: The MBAT interventions had a significant effect on improving quality of life behaviors (P < 0.05). Among the dimensions of quality of life, the highest mean score was for subpsychological (18.14 ± 2.35), and the lowest score was achieved by the subdomains of social relationships (13.54 ± 1.12). The mean (standard deviation) scores of physical health and environment were 17.19 ± 3.55 and 16.10 ± 1.87, respectively. Conclusions: This investigation of MBAT provides initial encouraging data that support a possible future role for the intervention as a psychosocial option for decrease in symptoms of women with breast cancer and quality of life

Predictors of pearl vitamin D3 consumption in pregnant women: application of the theory of planned behaviour

This study aimed at determining the applicability planned-behaviour theory to predict the consumption of pearl vitamin D3 (1000 IU) among pregnant women in Iran in 2020. The participants of the present study were 200 pregnant women who were selected through random cluster sampling. In addition, data collection was done through the use of questionnaire and the proceeding analyses including correlation and linear regression were conducted using SPSS (version 20) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) statistical software package. The findings showed that all three structure attitudes (r = 0.69, p<.001), subjective norms (r = 0.58, p<.001) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) (r = 0.52, p<.001) had significant correlations with consumption. Among the variables entered into the regression model, attitude, subjective norms and PBC were able to predict a total of 65% of pearl vitamin D3 (1000 IU) consumption variance among participants (F = 60.75, R = 0.66, R2=0.65). According to the findings, TPB and its constructs were used to predict pearl vitamin D3 consumption in pregnant women in Iran. This outcome indicates that efforts to promote behavioural intentions through targeting subjective norms, attitude and PBC may promote pearl vitamin D3 consumption.Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? The results of this study showed predictors of pearl vitamin D3 consumption in pregnant women based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Women receive adequate and proper knowledge, along with a positive attitude towards taking pearl vitamin D3, and feel that taking pearl vitamin D3 is at their discretion in terms of environmental factors (facilities and barriers), increases intend to use pearl vitamin D3. What do the results of this study add? The results of this study also showed that the amount of pearl vitamin D3 intake during pregnancy increased by pregnant women and decreased risk of foetal growth retardation, low birth weight, decreased risk of respiratory infections in infants, decreased asthma and eczema in infants. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The study showed the importance of the role of education based on TPB in consumption promoting pearl vitamin D3

Sex education of married women based on theory of planned behavior

Background: More than half of the sexual problems which cause life destruction and marital relationships are due to insufficient knowledge or false beliefs about sexual relationships. Theory of planned behavior (TPB) is one of the important theories that explain the main process of adopting health behaviors. This study investigates sex education based on TPB in married women visitors to Mashhad health-care centers in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 women visiting health centers of Mashhad city were studied, selected from 5 health centers by random-cluster method. Methods and data collection tool were the questionnaire which completed through the interview. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire were determined through face and content validity and through Cronbach's alpha and test-retest, respectively. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using statistical SPSS (22) software, Spearman's correlation coefficient tests, and linear regression analysis. Results: In linear regression analysis, it was determined that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) predict 0.45 overall of total variance of sexual function intention, which among these variables, the effect of subjective norms was more than the other ones (P value < 0.05). After educational intervention, the average rates of knowledge, attitude, PBC, and intention to sexual function in sex education group were increased meaningfully (P value < 0.05); these changes were not meaningful in control group. There was also no statistically meaningful difference in subjective norms between two groups after intervention. Conclusion: According to findings, it is proposed that TPB be used to improve sex education

Examining the effect of mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) on stress and lifestyle of Iranian pregnant women

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) in decreasing stress and improving on pregnant women’s life style in Neyshabur, Iran 2018. The participants of the present quasi-experimental study were 84 pregnant women. The findings showed that the MBAT group demonstrated a significant decrease in symptoms of distress and significant improvements in key aspects of the health-related style of life as measured by Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II questionnaire. Moreover, it was found that the MBAT intervention had a significant effect on improving lifestyle behaviours (p < .05). The highest mean score of lifestyle was for the sub-domain of nutrition (31.35 ± 5.34), while the lowest score was achieved by the sub-domains of physical activity (13.55 ± 1.89).The mean (SD) score of stress management was (19.12 ± 1.54). This investigation of MBAT provides initial encouraging data that support a possible future role for the intervention as a psychosocial option for decreasing symptoms of distress in pregnant women and improving their lifestyle.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Mindfulness-based art therapy is a blend of basic meditation principles and art therapy. The results of this study showed that mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) could decrease the stress and improve lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women. What do the results of this study add? The results of the present study showed that mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) during pregnancy decreased the stress and improved life style. It is believed that changing lifestyle to include mind-body medicine such as MBAT in pregnant women will greatly reduce stress responses, and help protect pregnant women from disease during pregnancy. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The study showed the important role of mindfulness-based art therapy (MBAT) during pregnancy in reducing stress and improving life style

Folic acid consumption based on the theory of planned behaviour in pregnant women

Folic Acid reduces the risk of neural tube defects. This study was aimed to investigate the consumption of folic acid to prevent deficiency anaemia based on the theory of planned behaviour on pregnant women in Neyshabur, Iran. This study included 180 pregnant women, who were gathered from 12 healthcare centres in the city of Neyshabur, Iran in 2018. Using a questionnaire and blood lab exam (folat) were measured and analysed. The average rates of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioural control, intention, behaviour in the education group were meaningfully increased (p value  .05). Also, no statistically meaningful difference was obtained in subjective norm between the groups after the intervention (p = .924). It is suggested that folic acid supplementation promotion workshops should be held in health centres with the aim of preventing folic acid deficiency anaemia.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The results of this study showed that by using education based on the theory of planned behaviour that emphasises the important psychological factors of behaviour or change, folic acid can be consumed in pregnant women. That women receive adequate and proper knowledge, along with a positive attitude toward taking folic acid, and feel that taking folic acid is at their discretion in terms of environmental factors (facilities and barriers), increases intent to use folic acid. What do the results of this study add? The results of this study also showed that the amount of folic acid intake during pregnancy increased by pregnant women and anaemia decreased. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The study showed the importance of the role of education based on theory of planned behaviour in consumption promoting folic acid

Effect Of Relaxation Education, Based on Theory of planned behavior On students’ painful dismenorrhea

Background and Aim: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problems in females. “Theory of Planned Behavior” is one of the important theories that explains the main process of adopting health behaviors. The present study assessed applying “ the Theory of Planned Behavior in relaxation training regarding the  severity and duration of painful dysmenorrhea in Mashhad girl students. Materials and Methods: In this Semi-experimental study, 160  first year intermediate students of Mashhad city who suffered from dysmenorrhea were assessed.They had been randomly selected from 5 girl high- schools in the 6th educational district. They were divided into equal groups  “case” and “control”. Intervention was made in four sessions. The requisite  data was gathered by means of  a researcher designed questionnaire before  and 3 months after the education of the students. Finally, the obtained data was fed into SPSS software (v:16) using statistical  tests including   Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Independent T-test, Paired T and X2. Results: After educational intervention, mean level of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and willed performance of relaxation techniques significantly increased  in the case group (P<0.05). These changes were not significant in the control group. Besides, no statistically significant difference in subjective norms was observed between the two groups after intervention. Meditation education group was increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Education of relaxation base on the Theory of Planned Behavior is effective in reduced pain intensity and its duration