Strategic Analysis of the Selected Company

Import 02/11/2016Tato bakalářské práce s názvem „Strategická analýza společnosti FORMULA STUDENT VŠB-TU Ostrava“ je zaměřena na strategickou analýzu a návrh vhodné strategie pro budoucí vývoj. V úvodní části bude vymezen teoretický podklad pro analýzu vnějšího a vnitřního prostředí podniku. Tento teoretický základ bude aplikován pří analýze konkrétní společnosti, společnosti FORMULA STUDENT VŠB-TU Ostrava. Základními nástroji pro analýzu vnějšího prostředí budou PEST analýza a Porterův model pěti sil. Pro analýzu vnitřního prostředí jsou zohledněny hlavní faktory společnosti. Všechny získané poznatky budou zohledněny ve SWOT analýze. Na základě této metody budou navrženy vhodné strategie pro budoucí vývoj společnosti.This thesis titled “Strategic Analysis of the Selected Company” is focused on strategic analysis and proposal suitable strategy for future. In the first part will be defined theoretical basis for the analysis of internal and external business environment. The theoretical basis will be applied for analyzing specific companies, Formula Student, Technical University of Ostrava. The basic tools for the analysis of the external environment will PEST analysis and Porter analysis. For the analysis of the internal environment are considered the main factors of the company. All findings will be reflected in the SWOT analysis. Based on this method will be designed appropriate strategies for future development.634 - Katedra ekonomiky a managementu v metalurgiivelmi dobř

Brain-gut interactions in IBS

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with an estimated prevalence of 10-20%. Current understanding of the pathophysiology of IBS is incomplete due to the lack of a clearly identified pathological abnormality and due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Possible mechanisms believed to contribute to IBS development and IBS like symptoms include physical stressors, such as infection or inflammation, psychological, and environmental factors, like anxiety, depression, and significant negative life events. Some of these mechanisms may involve the brain-gut axis (BGA). In this article we review the current knowledge on the possible involvement of the BGA in IBS and discuss new directions for potential future therapies of IBS

Planning Study of Chuchelna Center Revitalization

Import 07/02/2011Diplomová práce zpracovává téma „Územní studie revitalizace centra obce Chuchelná“. V úvodu práce jsou řešena teoretická východiska pro správné řešení a návrh územní studie revitalizace centra s definicí nejdůležitějších pojmů a požadavky na řešení území. V druhé části práce je popsána lokalita, ve které se vyskytuje řešené území. Je zde popsána historie a aktuální stav řešené lokality. V poslední části se dostáváme k samotným návrhům, vyhodnocení a poté zpracování konečné varianty urbanisticko – inženýrského návrhu, dispozičního řešení nové radnice a orientačního propočtu. Hlavní výstup celé práce bude formou výkresů. Práce byla vytvořena na podnět obce Chuchelná, měla by být zahrnuta do dlouhodobého plánu obce Chuchelná, jako vize pro zlepšení vzhledu území, lepší reprezentace obce a zázemí úřadu.Thesis with the topic "Planning Study of Chuchelna Center Revitalization". In the introduction are addressed theoretical basis for correct design solutions and revitalization of regional studies center with definitions of key terms and requirements of the solution. The second part describes the location in which it occurs studied area. It describes the history and current status of the solved area. In the final section brings us to the actual proposals, evaluation and treatment after the final urban variations - engineering design, the new hall layout and orientation calculation. The main output of the whole work will be in the form of drawings. The work was created at the initiative of Municipality Chuchelna should be included in long-term plan Chuchelna community, as a vision for improving the appearance, a better representation of the village and back office.Prezenční222 - Katedra městského inženýrstvívelmi dobř

The role of AST-120 and protein-bound uremic toxins in irritable bowel syndrome: a therapeutic perspective

AST-120 (kremezin) exhibits its favourable effects in reducing the levels of renal toxins by selective adsorption of low molecular weight substances from the intestinal lumen. So far, a vast majority of studies were focused on the role of AST-120 in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular disorders, and positive therapeutic effects of the agent have already been confirmed in clinical conditions. Up to the present, there are only a few studies regarding the role of AST-120 in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Compelling data suggest the ability of the compound to adsorb protein-bound uremic toxins and mast cell derived mediators and to modulate the farnesoid X receptor, which is a bile acid sensor indispensable for maintaining homeostasis in the intestine. In this review we focus on the actions of AST-120 on intestinal permeability, reduction of visceral sensitivity and alteration of gut motility. We also discuss whether AST-120 can mitigate common IBS symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bloating and malfunction of the colonic transit and thus improve the quality of life of patients with IBS

Targeting Histamine Receptors in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Critical Appraisal

Irritable bowel syndrome is a group of functional gastrointestinal disorders with not yet fully clarified etiology. Recent evidence suggesting that mast cells may play a central role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome paves the way for agents targeting histamine receptors as a potential therapeutic option in clinical treatment. In this review, the role of histamine and histamine receptors is debated. Moreover, the clinical evidence of anti-histamine therapeutics in irritable bowel syndrome is discussed

Future Treatment of Constipation-associated Disorders: Role of Relamorelin and Other Ghrelin Receptor Agonists

There is an unmet need for effective pharmacological therapies for constipation, a symptom that significantly deteriorates patients' quality of life and impacts health care. Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor and has been shown to exert prokinetic effects on gastrointestinal (GI) motility via the vagus and pelvic nerves. The pharmacological potential of ghrelin is hampered by its short half-life. Ghrelin receptor (GRLN-R) agonists with enhanced pharmacokinetics were thus developed. Centrally penetrant GRLN-R agonists stimulate defecation and improve impaired lower GI transit in animals and humans. This review summarizes the current knowledge on relamorelin, a potent ghrelin mimetic, and other GRLN-R analogs which are in preclinical or clinical stages of development for the management of disorders with underlying GI hypomotility, like constipation

Non-specific abdominal pain and air pollution: a novel association.

We studied whether short-term exposure to air pollution was associated with non-specific abdominal pain in epidemiologic and animal studies. Patients visiting the emergency department with non-specific abdominal pain were identified in Edmonton (1992 to 2002, n = 95,173) and Montreal (1997 to 2002, n = 25,852). We calculated the daily concentrations for ozone (O(3)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), and particles <10 (PM(10)) or <2.5 (PM(2.5)) µm. A case crossover study design was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) associated with an increase in the interquartile range of the air pollutants. We investigated differential effects by age and sex. Mice were gavaged with urban particle extracts. In animal models, colonic motility was tested, and visceral abdominal pain was measured using a writhing test, and behavioral response to oil of mustard and neostigmine. Motility and pain was measured acutely (1.5 hours after gavage) and chronically (7-days and 21-days after gavage). Emergency department visits for non-specific abdominal pain were primarily by women between the ages of 15-24 years. Individuals aged 15 to 24 years were at increased risk of non-specific abdominal pain in Edmonton (same day CO: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02-1.06; and NO(2): OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.09). The risk of air pollution among 15-24 year olds in Montreal was significantly positive (same day CO: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.05-1.17; NO(2): OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.01-1.16; SO(2): OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.10-1.25; PM(2.5): OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.04-1.15). Abdominal pain was increased by an acute gavage of pollution extract but not to chronic exposure to pollutants. Colonic transit was delayed following chronic but not acute exposure with the pollutants. Epidemiological and animal data suggest that short-term exposure to air pollution may trigger non-specific abdominal pain in young individuals

Kinetic studies of novel inhibitors of endomorphin degrading enzymes

Endomorphins (EMs), two endogenous μ-opioid receptor selective ligands, are attractive lead compounds for opioid-based pain management studies. However, these peptides are quickly degraded by peptidases, in particular by dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP IV) and aminopeptidase M (APM). Targeting enzymatic degradation is one approach to prolong endomorphin activity. In this study we characterized the action of two new inhibitors of similar to endomorphins structure, Tyr-Pro-Ala-NH2 (EMDB-2) and Tyr-Pro-Ala-OH (EMDB-3), which were designed earlier in our laboratory. The presented data give evidence that EMDB-2 and EMDB-3 are potent inhibitors of enzymes responsible for endomorphin cleavage. These compounds are stable and easily synthesized. EMDB-2 and EMDB-3 are competitive inhibitors of both, DPP IV and APM, with Ki values in micromolar range. They are less potent than diprotin A in protecting EMs against DPP IV but more potent than actinonin in protecting these peptides against APM

Cannabinoids Alleviate Experimentally Induced Intestinal Inflammation by Acting at Central and Peripheral Receptors

Background and Aims: In an attempt to further investigate the role of cannabinoid (CB) system in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, we employed two recently developed ligands, AM841 (a covalently acting CB agonist) and CB13 (a peripherally-restricted CB agonist) to establish whether central and peripheral CB sites are involved in the anti-inflammatory action in the intestine. Methods and Results: AM841 (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased inflammation scores in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-treated mice when administered before induction of colitis or as a treatment of existing intestinal inflammation. The effect was absent in CB1, CB2 and CB1/2-deficient mice. A peripherally-restricted agonist CB13 did not alleviate colitis when given i.p. (0.1 mg/kg), but significantly decreased inflammation score after central administration (0.1 mu g/animal). Conclusions: This is the first evidence that central and peripheral CB receptors are responsible for the protective and therapeutic action of cannabinoids in mouse models of colitis. Our observations provide new insight to CB pharmacology and validate the use of novel ligands AM841 and CB13 as potent tools in CB-related research