Surgical treatment of lumbar canal stenosis with concomitant aggressive vertebral haemangioma

Vertebral hemangiomas are the most common benign spinal tumours which are asymptomatic, slow-growing benign vascular malformations. They usually involve the vertebral body. However, the involvement of the posterior elements may present with spinal cord compression. Vertebral hemangiomas exist as a continuum of manifestations and lesions ranging from the common asymptomatic forms to rare compressive lesions. Presence of multilevel spinal canal stenosis along with an atypical vertebral hemangioma with cord is a rare condition and represents a treatment challenge. We report a case of spinal canal stenosis at L2 to L4 spinal levels along with an atypical vertebral hemangioma at L3 vertebra with extension to bilateral pedicles. This tumour caused neurological manifestations and was surgically treated with posterior decompression and stabilization with transpedicular screws and rods along with vertebroplasty for the hemangioma. Presence of an atypical hemangioma with co-existing spinal canal stenosis is a rare indication of spinal fusion. Vertebroplasty for the treatment of hemangioma in such cases is imperative

Study of lumbar canal stenosis and its outcome after surgical management in central India

Background: Lumbar canal stenosis is a painful and potentially disabling condition often encountered in adults. Treatment of lumbar canal stenosis may consist of conservative approach to lumbar canal stenosis consists of rest, lumbar bracing, activity modification and analgesics. Surgical management consists of decompressive laminectomy, laminotomy or facetectomy. In the present study, authors evaluate the outcome in patients of lumbar canal stenosis managed surgically with decompressive laminectomy.Methods: A 50 patients with degenerative lumbar canal stenosis visiting Kasturbha hospital, Sewagram, Wardha from November 2016 to April 2017 were taken up for the study. Patients were taken up for laminectomy and decompression of the affected nerve roots using medial facetectomy. Post operatively patients were regularly followed up at monthly intervals. The ODI score was calculated at the end of 6 months and compared with the baseline score.Results: Fifty patients (mean age-42.9 years) underwent laminectomy and decompression. Baselines ODI score was 71.2±6.4. After 6 month follow up, the score improved significantly to 21±15.6 which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Operative treatment in patients of degenerative lumbar canal stenosis yields excellent functional results as observed based on the ODI score provided case selection is done properly

A comparative study between dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral locking plate in the management of unstable pertrochanteric fracture femur

Background: Pertrochanteric fracture represent perhaps the most important public health problem facing the orthopedic surgeon today. The purpose of the present study is to compare dynamic hip screw with proximal femoral locking plate (PFLP) in pertrochanteric fracture femur. Method: During the period from December 2019 to August 2021, 50 patients with pertrochanteric fracture femur who were admitted in the orthopaedics department were selected. The 25 patients treated with PFLP and 25 patients treated with dynamic hip screw according to the standardized protocol. Patients were followed up for the 1 year. Results: The mean operative time and average intraoperative blood loss was more in PFLP group when compared with DHS group it was statically significant.  PFLP group has marginally better functional than DHS group. There was no difference in the radiological outcome between two group.Conclusions: PFLP can be feasible alternative to treatment of complex comminuted pertrochanteric fractures. It can be use in old age patients with osteoporotic bone which provide stable fixation

Insight into trichomonas vaginalis genome evolution through metabolic pathways comparison

Trichomonas vaginalis causes the trichomoniasis, in women and urethritis and prostate cancer in men. Its genome draft published by TIGR in 2007 presents many unusual genomic and biochemical features like, exceptionally large genome size, the presence of hydrogenosome, gene duplication, lateral gene transfer mechanism and the presence of miRNA. To understand some of genomic features we have performed a comparative analysis of metabolic pathways of the T. vaginalis with other 22 significant common organisms. Enzymes from the biochemical pathways of T. vaginalis and other selected organisms were retrieved from the KEGG metabolic pathway database. The metabolic pathways of T. vaginalis common in other selected organisms were identified. Total 101 enzymes present in different metabolic pathways of T. vaginalis were found to be orthologous by using BLASTP program against the selected organisms. Except two enzymes all identified orthologous enzymes were also identified as paralogous enzymes. Seventy-five of identified enzymes were also identified as essential for the survival of T. vaginalis, while 26 as non-essential. The identified essential enzymes also represent as good candidate for novel drug targets. Interestingly, some of the identified orthologous and paralogous enzymes were found playing significant role in the key metabolic activities while others were found playing active role in the process of pathogenesis. The N-acetylneuraminate lyase was analyzed as the candidate of lateral genes transfer. These findings clearly suggest the active participation of lateral gene transfer and gene duplication during evolution of T. vaginalis from the enteric to the pathogenic urogenital environment

Test beam performance of a CBC3-based mini-module for the Phase-2 CMS Outer Tracker before and after neutron irradiation

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will undergo major upgrades to increase the instantaneous luminosity up to 5–7.5×10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. This High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) will deliver a total of 3000–4000 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13–14 TeV. To cope with these challenging environmental conditions, the strip tracker of the CMS experiment will be upgraded using modules with two closely-spaced silicon sensors to provide information to include tracking in the Level-1 trigger selection. This paper describes the performance, in a test beam experiment, of the first prototype module based on the final version of the CMS Binary Chip front-end ASIC before and after the module was irradiated with neutrons. Results demonstrate that the prototype module satisfies the requirements, providing efficient tracking information, after being irradiated with a total fluence comparable to the one expected through the lifetime of the experiment

Search for new physics in multijet events with at least one photon and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search for new physics in final states consisting of at least one photon, multiple jets, and large missing transverse momentum is presented, using proton-proton collision events at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC from 2016 to 2018. The events are divided into mutually exclusive bins characterized by the missing transverse momentum, the number of jets, the number of b-tagged jets, and jets consistent with the presence of hadronically decaying W, Z, or Higgs bosons. The observed data are found to be consistent with the prediction from standard model processes. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified models of pair production of supersymmetric particles via strong and electroweak interactions. Depending on the details of the signal models, gluinos and squarks of masses up to 2.35 and 1.43 TeV, respectively, and electroweakinos of masses up to 1.23 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level

Observation of the Rare Decay of the η Meson to Four Muons

A search for the rare η→μ+μ−μ+μ− double-Dalitz decay is performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions, collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC with high-rate muon triggers during 2017 and 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101  fb−1. A signal having a statistical significance well in excess of 5 standard deviations is observed. Using the η→μ+μ− decay as normalization, the branching fraction B(η→μ+μ−μ+μ−)=[5.0±0.8(stat)±0.7(syst)±0.7(B2μ)]×10−9 is measured, where the last term is the uncertainty in the normalization channel branching fraction. This work achieves an improved precision of over 5 orders of magnitude compared to previous results, leading to the first measurement of this branching fraction, which is found to agree with theoretical predictions

Measurements of inclusive and differential cross sections for the Higgs boson production and decay to four-leptons in proton-proton collisions at s \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

Measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections for the Higgs boson production in the H → ZZ → 4ℓ (ℓ = e, μ) decay channel are presented. The results are obtained from the analysis of proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The measured inclusive fiducial cross section is 2.73 ± 0.26 fb, in agreement with the standard model expectation of 2.86 ± 0.1 fb. Differential cross sections are measured as a function of several kinematic observables sensitive to the Higgs boson production and decay to four leptons. A set of double-differential measurements is also performed, yielding a comprehensive characterization of the four leptons final state. Constraints on the Higgs boson trilinear coupling and on the bottom and charm quark coupling modifiers are derived from its transverse momentum distribution. All results are consistent with theoretical predictions from the standard model