Polarographic Behaviour of Some Potential Antineoplastic Benzothiazolylazopyrazoles

The present paper summarises the electrochemical behaviour of 4-benzothiazolylazo-N-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazoles. The reduction of above compounds takes place in a single 2e wave at d.m.e. corresponding to the reduction of azo group. All the compounds give irreversible waves at pR values pR > 3.0 and reversible waves at pR values pR < 3.0. All waves are diffusion controlled and half-wave potentials pR dependent. The effect of substituents has been determined quantitatively by the application of Hammett equation. A plausible mechanism has been suggested for the electrodeprocess. Furthermore, the effect of ionic-strength, cations, anions and solvent composition has been studied in terms of the changed electrical double layer

Analgesic Activity of some 1-Phenyl-3-aryl-5- (4-(butanoloxy) phenyl) 1H-pyrazoles

A series of analgesic activity of synthesised 1 -Phenyl-3-aryl- 5-(4-(butanoloxy) phenyl) 1H-pyrazoles were synthesized from chalcones and screened for their in vitro analgesic activity. Chalcones i.e.,1-aryl-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-ones, 1 on reaction with phenyl hydrazine in presence of acetic acid and few drops of hydrochloric acid furnished the corresponding 1-phenyl-3-aryl-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazoles 2 which on further reaction with 4-chloroalkanol yielded the title compounds 3. These compounds were characterized by CHN analyses, IR, mass and 1H NMR spectral data. All the novel synthesised 1-Phenyl-3-aryl-5-(4-(butanoloxy) phenyl) 1H-pyrazoles were evaluated pharmacologically for their analgesic activity and the title synthesised compounds exhibited significant results as compared to standard drug

Correlation of serum Nesfatin 1 level with metabolic and clinical parameters in Indian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome

Background: Objective of the study was to compare serum Nesfatin 1 levels in Indian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to evaluate the association of serum Nesfatin 1 with metabolic and clinical parameters. Methods: 40 PCOS and 40 age and body mass index (BMI) matched non PCOS controls were enrolled. Comparison of hormonal (serum Nesfatin 1, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, testosterone, and estadiol) metabolic (blood pressure, fasting and post prandial blood glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR) and clinical (acne, acanthosis nigricans and hirsutism) parameters was done between two groups. Student’s t test, Mann Whitney test, Pearson’s correlation test was used. P value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference in levels of serum Nesfatin 1 in PCOS subjects and controls (8.6 ng/ml versus 0.75 ng/ml, p&lt;0.01). Positive correlation was present between serum nesfatin 1 level and post prandial plasma glucose (r=0.009; p&lt;0.009). A positive correlation was also present between serum Nesfatin 1 levels and AMH (r=0.512; p&lt;0.01). No correlation was found between serum Nesfatin 1 and other endocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic parameters. Serum LH levels, LH/FSH ratio, post prandial plasma glucose and post prandial insulin were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) in PCOS subjects compared to controls. Conclusions: Nesfatin 1 levels were ten times higher in PCOS subjects compared to controls irrespective of age and BMI. A positive correlation was observed between serum Nesfatin 1 and post prandial plasma glucose levels which indicates Nesfatin 1 may be a reliable marker of PCOS suggesting energy homeostasis imbalance in these women

Prediction of metabolic syndrome by visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product and model of adiposity index amongst infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: This study was conducted to compare visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and model of adiposity index (MAOD) for prediction of metabolic syndrome (MS) amongst infertile women with and without PCOS. Methods: It was a case control, retrospective study performed in gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care center. Total 143 infertile women with PCOS and 367 infertile women without PCOS were recruited in the study. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, waist hip ratio (WHR), insulin resistance, VAI, LAP, MOAD were assessed in both groups. Results: Significantly higher values of WC, WHR, systolic BP, insulin postprandial and all 3 adiposity indices were found among infertile women with PCOS as compared to women without PCOS. In hormonal profile, testosterone, AMH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol was found to be significantly higher in PCOS group. For predicting MS in PCOS women, VAI had the highest AUC 0.878 with a cut off value of 3.1, highest sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 90.7%, positive and negative predictive value of 76.2% and 96% respectively followed by LAP and MOAD. Conclusions: To conclude, all three adiposity indexes VAI, LAP and MOAD were significantly raised in PCOS women. VAI followed by LAP were the best indicators to predict metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS

Leiomyoma of vulva mimmicking bartholin cyst

Leiomyoma of vulva are uncommon findings in women of reproductive age group. It is often misdiagnosed as Bartholin cyst as unilateral swelling of vulva in women of reproductive age group is commonly a bartholin cyst or abscess. We describe a case of leiomyoma that clinically mimicked bartholin duct cyst. Identification of leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma is necessary because of risk of recurrence, need of radiation and or chemotherapy in addition to surgical excision whereas standard treatment for bartholin cyst is marsuplisation

Introducing and assessment of FAIR principles of education in teaching biochemistry to I year MBBS students

Background: Recent curriculum is theory based where students just mug up and reproduce in exam with less understanding. It is Exam and marks oriented education. Students show less interest in classes. Presently FAIR (Feedback, Active learning, Individual learning and Relevance) principles of application are practically missing, according to this model students will be naturally motivated to learn. Students will take more responsibility for their own learning. By applying these principles we will improve the effectiveness and efficiency of learning and enhancing learning among students. The objective was to design an effective educational strategy using certain principles of education such as FAIR.Methods: The first batch of the Integrated Curriculum students of the I MBBS program formed the study population. Certain principles of education such as Feedback, Active learning, Individualization of learning and relevance that have been advocated for use to enhance learning, were applied in educational strategies for the implementation of the Integrated Curriculum.Results: By Implementing the FAIR model of integrated curriculum the scores obtained during evaluation and the positive student response validated the enhancement of learning objectively and subjectively.Conclusions: Our collective experience convinced us that designing a curriculum with FAIR model was well worth. 95% students felt it is advantageous with negative perception 35% of students, they felt lengthy and time consuming

Polarographic Behaviour of Some Potential Antineoplastic Benzothiazolylazopyrazoles

The present paper summarises the electrochemical behaviour of 4-benzothiazolylazo-N-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazoles. The reduction of above compounds takes place in a single 2e wave at d.m.e. corresponding to the reduction of azo group. All the compounds give irreversible waves at pR values pR > 3.0 and reversible waves at pR values pR < 3.0. All waves are diffusion controlled and half-wave potentials pR dependent. The effect of substituents has been determined quantitatively by the application of Hammett equation. A plausible mechanism has been suggested for the electrodeprocess. Furthermore, the effect of ionic-strength, cations, anions and solvent composition has been studied in terms of the changed electrical double layer

Evaluation of nested Polymerase Chain Reaction targeting hup B gene in the diagnosis of tubercular ascites

Abdominal tuberculosis usually has nonspecific presentation, frequently mimicking other diseases. Because of the limitations of the conventional methods of diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, focus is shifted to molecular methods. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the role of nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting hup B gene as a rapid diagnostic modality of tubercular ascites and also to detect the infecting species (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis). 100 suspected tubercular ascites patients were enrolled in the study. Ascitic fluid was processed by Universal Sample Processing (USP) method and two steps nested PCR was performed targeting hup B gene. Patients were put on Anti Tubercular Therapy [Category I, (2 HRZE + 4 HR) 3, RNTCP, India]. A positive response to therapy was considered as gold standard and PCR assay was compared to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in diagnosis of tubercular ascites. 79 patients could be followed up to see the response to therapy. Of these, 39 were PCR positive and 35 responded to Anti Tubercular therapy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were found to be 97.1%, 88.6%, 87.2% and 97.5% respectively. The good sensitivity and specificity obtained in the study suggests the use of PCR targeting hup B gene as a routine diagnostic tool for tubercular ascites. Another added advantage is the ability to identify between M. tuberculosis and M. bovis which otherwise have similar clinical presentation.Keywords: Hup B gene; M. tuberculosis; M. bovis; Nested Polymerase Chain ReactionInternet Journal of Medical Update 2012 July;7(2):9-1

The psbO gene for 33-kDa precursor polypeptide of the oxygen-evolving complex in Arabidopsis thaliana - nucleotide sequence and control of its expression

The 33-kDa polypeptide of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II is nuclear-encoded. The single psbO gene of Arabidopsis thaliana, as suggested by Southern hybridization, has been isolated from the genomic library and sequenced. The sequence analysis has revealed that the psbO gene harbors two introns and encodes a precursor polypeptide of 332 amino acid residues; the first 85 amino acid residues represent the transit peptide and the following 247 amino acids constitute the mature polypeptide. The hydrophilic nature of the 33-kDa protein is confirmed by the presence of 27% charged residues. Northern analysis of the total RNA from Arabidopsis indicates that a 1.2-kb transcript represents the psbO gene. It is expressed in a tissue-specific manner - the steady-state transcript levels being highest in the leaves and virtually undetectable in the roots. Also, expression of the psbO gene is development-dependent and regulated by light in young Arabidopsis seedlings. In a constitutively photomorphogenic mutant of Arabidopsis, pho2 (plumular hook open 2), the psbO gene is de-repressed in young, dark-grown seedlings, resulting in increased transcript abundance compared to the wild-type. These studies, thus, define the influence of at least one regulatory component for psbO expression