Seroprevalência anti-Leptospira spp. anticorpos e fatores de risco em bovinos da savana tropical do oriente da Colômbia

A leptospirose é uma zoonose de distribuição ampla e endêmica na zona tropical. A condição epidemiologia da doença é complexa, intervém diferentes fatores do hospedeiro, tipo de sorovar, reservatórios, ambiente e as práticas agrícolas. Em bovinos a doenças causa danos significativos ao setor pecuário, e as condições ambientais podem influenciar a sua dinâmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a seroprevalência anti-Leptospira spp. anticorpos e os fatores de risco em bovinos na savana tropical do leste da Colômbia. Foi coletado sangue das veias coccígeas de 1.000 animais e foi utilizada a técnica MAT (Microagglutination) para a identificação do sorogrupo Autumnalis, Bataviae, Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhagen, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe, Mini, Pomona, Shermani, Tarassovi, e Celledoni. Estudos de fatores de risco foram realizados de acordo com o sorovar por meio do cálculo de X2 e OR. A seroprevalência de Leptospira spp foi de 34,2% com 92,3% dos rebanhos. Pomona teve a maior frequência de 7,9%, seguida por Sejroe com 7,0% e Grippotyphosa com 6,2%. A aglutinação de anticorpos com mais de um sorovar foi observada em 102 (29,8%) das amostras, o sorogrupo com as maiores correlações foi Pomona e Harjo.Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease in the tropical zone with a broad and endemic distribution. The condition is complex, where different host factors, serovar type, reservoirs, environment, and agricultural practices intervene. In cattle, the disease causes significant damage to the livestock sector, and the surrounding conditions can influence its dynamics. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and the risk factors in cattle in the tropical savannah from eastern Colombia. Blood was taken from the coccygeal veins of 1,000 animals. The MAT (Microagglutination) technique was used for the identification of the serogroup Autumnalis, Bataviae, Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhagen, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe, Mini, Pomona, Shermani, Tarassovi, and Celledoni. Studies of risk factors were carried out according to the serovar through the calculation of X2 and OR. Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. was 34.2% with 92.3% of herds. Pomona had the highest frequency of 7.9%, followed by Hardjo prajit with 7.0% and Grippotyphosa with 6.2%. Antibody agglutination with more than one serovar was seen in 102 (29.8%) samples. The serogroup with the highest correlations were Pomona and Hardjo prajit.

Infection and re-infection of Leptospira spp. in stray dogs and cats from Bogota, Colombia

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonosis that is under-reported in tropical countries, and canines can be a potential reservoir of the disease. The objective of this study was to diagnose Leptospira spp. that is actively infected and re-infected in stray dogs and cats from Bogota, D.C., Colombia. Materials and Methods: A sample of 200 animals, including dogs and cats from the animal protection programs of Bogota, Colombia, were used in this study. Blood was collected from these animals for serum and DNA analysis. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using the 16s rRNA primer set, and higher-quality amplification products were sequenced by Sanger. For serodiagnosis, a group of PCR-positive samples was tested using the microagglutination test (MAT). Results: The overall PCR positivity of stray dogs and cats was 56%, 52.9%, and 65.3% in dogs and cats, respectively. The MAT seropositivity was 77.3%, and only dogs showed titers higher than 1:400. Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, Hardjo Prajitno, and Canicola and Hardjo prajitno were the serogroups associated with dogs and cats, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strains belonging to Leptospira interrogans serovars related to isolated samples of American, European, and Asian bats (Myotis myotis), dogs, and bovines of American origin. Conclusion: These results showed that stray dogs and cats were previously exposed to different serovars of Leptospira spp. and re-infected with other serovars that actively participated in the transmission cycle. These findings highlight the importance of actively diagnosing infectious animals to design effective intervention strategies