Simple network management protocol co- existence with hydrocarbon process automation communication real-time network

Hydrocarbon Process Automation Applications (HPAA) utilizes Real-time network connecting process instrumentations, controllers, and real-time logic control applications. Conventional practice is to dedicate a real-time network for process automation applications and prevent other applications from utilizing the same infrastructure. An important application that can help optimize, improve network performance, and provide rapid response time in network diagnostics and mitigation is Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). This paper addresses the co-existence of SNMP traffic with real-time applications. The impacts of activating this protocol with the real-time HPAA utilizing high speed Ethernet network design will be examined. Empirical data for an implemented Hydrocarbon process automation system will be used to illustrate the interdependency of application performance, traffic mix, and potential areas of improvements. The outcomes of this effort demonstrate the co-existence of SNMP with HPPA, given special considerations (i.e., bandwidth, number of applications, etc.)

Investigating the effects of smoothness of interfaces on stability of probing nano-scale thin films by neutron reflectometry

Most of the reflectometry methods which are used for determining the phase of complex reflection coefficient such as reference method and Variation of Surroundings medium are based on solving the Schr\"odinger equation using a discontinuous and step-like scattering optical potential. However, during the deposition process for making a real sample the two adjacent layers are mixed together and the interface would not be discontinuous and sharp. The smearing of adjacent layers at the interface (smoothness of interface), would affect the reflectivity, phase of reflection coefficient and reconstruction of the scattering length density (SLD) of the sample. In this paper, we have investigated the stability of reference method in the presence of smooth interfaces. The smoothness of interfaces is considered by using a continuous function scattering potential. We have also proposed a method to achieve the most reliable output result while retrieving the SLD of the sample.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure