Enhanced Accumulation of Scopoletin in Cell Suspension Culture of Spilanthes acmella Murr. Using Precursor Feeding

In this study, the various concentrations of casein hydrolysate (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L) and L-phenylalanine (50, 100, 150, 200 µM/l) were incorporated in MS containing 15 µM BA plus 5 µM 2,4-D for enhancement of secondary metabolites in cell culture of Spilanthes acmella. The presence of casein hydrolysate in the nutrient medium improved the growth of cell biomass and the production of scopoletin. The addition of casein hydrolysate up to 75 mg/L stimulated the accumulation of scopoletin, but increasing excess 75 mg/L the level of casein hydrolysate reduced the production of scopoletin. The addition of L-phenylalanine in the nutrient medium was found to be more effective for production of secondary metabolite in S. acmella. The addition of 50 µM/L of L-phenylalanine in the medium increased scopoletin content to 27.12 ± 0.58 µg/g dry weight, compared to the scopoletin content of control at 7.89 ± 0.61 µg/g dry weight. The highest accumulation of scopoletin was observed in the 100 µM/L L-phenylalanine in cell suspension, which was 4.51 times more than the control. As a result, using moderate concentration of L-phenylalanine was ideal for the production of scopoletin. In general, casein hydrolysate was more effective than L-phenylalanine for production of scopoletin and growth of cell biomass in the cell culture of S. acmella

Correlational Analysis of Agronomic and Seed Quality Traits in <i>Camelina sativa</i> Doubled Haploid Lines under Rain-Fed Condition

Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is an emerging industrial crop from the Brassicaceae family, with its seed oil and cake being used for food, feed, and fuel applications. In this study, the relationships between economically important agronomic traits including seed yield (SY), days to maturity (DM), 1000-seed weight (TSW), seed protein content (PC), seed oil content (OC), and fatty acid composition in 136 doubled haploid (DH) camelina lines were investigated under rain-fed conditions in two consecutive years. There was prominent diversity among the studied DH lines for the agronomic traits such as seed yield, erucic acid, omega3, protein content, etc. Based on the Pearson correlation analysis of the data, SY was positively correlated with DM and OC, and negatively correlated with TSW, PC, and linolenic acid (C18:3) content. The positive relationships of the main characteristics, relevant to industrial applications, suggest the feasibility of developing new higher-yielding camelina cultivars with high seed oil content. The high seed yield of some camelina lines (DH044 and DH075) during the two growing seasons showed the potential of the lines. On the other hand, the contrasting genotypes for key traits in this study promised a favorable source to develop the superior breeding lines with higher seed yield and food/nonfood traits. Therefore, it can be concluded that the diversity of camelina DH lines traits is crucial for developing new cultivars. Furthermore, the present study reports some significant correlations among the DH lines, which may be useful for the current and future camelina breeding program