Extraction and concentration of isoflavones from soybean (Glycine max)

The extraction and concentration of isoflavones from defatted soy flour (DSF) is attempted by leaching, membrane process and liquid-liquid extraction. The optimized extraction conditions by response surface methodology (RSM) resulted in an isoflavone content of 3.2 mg/g of DSF. The extracted isoflavones are processed by ultrafiltration for preliminary purification resulting in 3.0 mg/g of DSF, and then concentrated by liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether (4.8 mg/g DSF). The final isoflavone content is 69 mg/g of dried extract with an overall recovery of 57.5%. The optimization of extraction conditions resulted in an about 2.5 fold enhancement of isoflavones and concentration step enriched the isoflavones by about 8.5 fold compared to initial extract

Crystalline constituents of euphorbiaceae—XII: Isolation and structural elucidation of three new lignans from the leaves of Phyllanthus niruri Linn.

Three more new lignans from the hexane extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn. are now reported besides phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin. The structure of niranthin is now established as 3,3',4',9,9'-pentamethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-8,8'-butyrolignan (2). Nirtetralin and phyltetralin are shown to be 1-phenyl tetralins. On the basis of NMR and mass spectra, nirtetralin is assigned the structure (7) and phyltetralin (11)

Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in children: Immediate and short-term changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function

Objective: To evaluate the effect of percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function in children. Background: Limited studies are available on alteration in LV hemodynamics, especially diastolic function, after PDA closure. Methods: Thirty-two consecutive children with isolated PDA treated by trans-catheter closure were studied. The LV systolic and diastolic function were assessed by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging 1 day before the PDA closure, on day 1, and on follow-up. Results: At baseline, none of the patients had LV systolic dysfunction. On day 1 post-PDA closure, 8 (25%) children developed LV systolic dysfunction. The baseline LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end-systolic dimension (LVESD), and PDA diastolic gradient predicted the post-closure LVEF. Patients who developed post-closure LV systolic dysfunction had poorer LV diastolic function than those who did not. LV diastolic properties improved after PDA closure; however, the improvement in LV diastolic properties lagged behind the improvement in the LV systolic function. All children were asymptomatic and had normal LVEF on follow up of >3 months. Conclusions: Percutaneous closure of PDA is associated with the reversible LV systolic dysfunction. Improvement in the LV diastolic function lags behind that in the LV systolic function