WAKAF UANG SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM NASIONAL

ABSTRACT According to the executive director of KNEKS, "The potential for cash waqf in Indonesia is huge, reaching 180 trillion every year, however, the development of cash waqf in Indonesia is still low, as seen from BWI data, the cash waqf collected until 2020 reached IDR 391 billion, even though the potential for annual waqf reached IDR 180 trillion”. This research aims to determine the potential of cash waqf as a community economic development. The research method used in this research is a literature study with a normative approach. This research shows that waqf can produce various profits and benefits. The profits generated can finance important sectors in need such as Health, Education, and even the domestic business sector. Now, it's just a matter of how this opportunity is utilized in a synergy between government, institutions, and society itself. Cash waqf has an important role in the community economy and the wakif itself, where its management is carried out by nadzir through LKS-PWU

Statistical optimization of zinc oxide nanorod synthesis for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

In this work, synthesis process parameters of Zinc Oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) photocatalyst is optimized using Taguchi Method to obtain the highest degradation rate of Methylene Blue dye, MB. The Taguchi L27 (38) orthogonal array technique was used to determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis of the nanostructured photocatalyst. Eight important synthesis process parameters were chosen in the analysis while the effects of the parameters were studied using signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis using minitab-16. The ZnO NRs photocatalyst was synthesized via solution process route based on the parameters obtained from the layout of the orthogonal arrays. The optimized synthesized nanorods was then characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), ultraviolet-visible near-infrared (UV-VIS-NIR), and Raman spectroscopies while the photodegradation of MB was determined by UV-VIS spectrum analysis under ultraviolet light irradiation. The results show that ZnO NRs with hexagonal wurtzite structure and bandgap energy of 3.25 eV have been obtained. The Taguchi analysis based on simulated experimental runs predicted the highest MB degradation percentage of 17.12% that can be achieved under optimum process conditions. Meanwhile, experimental photocatalytic degradation of MB using ZnO NRs synthesized under the same optimum condition achieved a degradation percentage of 17.27%, which deviates only 0.88% from the predicted value. This analysis could give an approach to optimize the synthesis process to ensure the good performance of nano-photocatalyst for the photodegradation of organic contaminations in industrial wastewater in a short time and cost-effective process

Particle Size Improvement and Layer Absorption of Metil Halida MAPbI3 Perovskite Doping Phenethylammonium Iodide (PEAI)

This study aims to determine the effect of phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) doping on grain size and absorption of the methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite layer. The MAPbI3 perovskite layer is interesting to study because of its potential application in perovskite solar cells. In this study, the preparation of MAPbI3 perovskite layer with PEAI doping variation using a 2-step spin-coating method. The surface morphology of MAPbI3 shows an increase in grain size with the addition of PEAI doping variation. The optimum grain size is shown by adding 1.0 mg/ml PEAI doping variation, which is 117 ± 1.19 nm with a smooth surface morphology and tends to be homogeneous. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results on Perovskite MAPbI3 showed no difference in peaks with the addition of PEAI doping. However, there is only a slight angle shift of 2 theta, 0.05° at the main peak (110) and (220), so it will not change the cubic structure of MAPbI3 crystal. The ultra violet visible (UV-Vis) graph shows an increase in absorbance of Perovskite MAPbI3 with the addition of PEAI doping in the wavelength range of 400-550 nm. This research is expected to be a foundation for developing more efficient and stable solar cells

ZnO NRs/rGO Photocatalyst in a Polymer-Based Microfluidic Platform

This paper reports the development of ZnO NRs/rGO-based photocatalysts integrated into a tree-branched polymer-based microfluidic reactor for efficient photodegradation of water contaminants. The reactor system includes a photocatalytic reactor, tree-branched microfluidic channels, and ZnO nanorods (NRs) coated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on a glass substrate within an area of 0.6 × 0.6 cm2. The ZnO NRs/rGO acts as a photocatalyst layer grown hydrothermally and then spray-coated with rGO. The microfluidic system is made of PDMS and fabricated using soft lithography (micro molding using SU-8 master mold patterned on a silicon wafer). The device geometry is designed using AutoCAD software and the flow properties of the microfluidics are simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics. The microfluidic platform’s photocatalytic process aims to bring the nanostructured photocatalyst into very close proximity to the water flow channel, reducing the interaction time and providing effective purification performance. Our functionality test showed that a degradation efficiency of 23.12 %, within the effective residence time of less than 3 s was obtained

Optoelectrical Properties of Hexamine Doped-Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite under Different Grain-Shape Crystallinity

The crystallinity properties of perovskite influence their optoelectrical performance in solar cell applications. We optimized the grain shape and crystallinity of perovskite film by annealing treatment from 130 to 170 °C under high humidity (relative humidity of 70%). We found that the grain size, grain interface, and grain morphology of the perovskite are optimized when the sample was annealed at 150 °C for 1 h in the air. At this condition, the perovskite film is composed of 250 nm crystalline shape grain and compact inter-grain structure with an invincible grain interface. Perovskite solar cells device analysis indicated that the device fabricated using the samples annealed at 150 °C produced the highest power conversion efficiency, namely 17.77%. The open circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) of the device are as high as 1.05 V, 22.27 mA/cm2, and 0.76, respectively. Optoelectrical dynamic analysis using transient photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies reveals that (i) carrier lifetime in the champion device can be up to 25 ns, which is almost double the carrier lifetime of the sample annealed at 130 °C. (ii) The interfacial charge transfer resistance is low in the champion device, i.e., ~20 Ω, which has a crystalline grain morphology, enabling active photocurrent extraction. Perovskite’s behavior under annealing treatment in high humidity conditions can be a guide for the industrialization of perovskite solar cells