Intralesional extended curettage with fibular strut for the treatment of large peritrochanteric cyst: a case report and review of literature

Simple bone cysts are benign bone lesions commonly found in children and adolescents. They are usually asymptomatic and are incidentally detected on imaging studies. However, in rare cases, simple bone cysts can grow to a large size and cause symptoms such as pain and functional limitations. We present a case report of a large peritrochanteric simple bone cyst in an adolescent male who presented with hip pain and difficulty in walking. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic findings and histopathological examination of the cyst. The patient was managed with curettage and auto allo bone grafting with fibular strut and supplementary plate fixation. Patient had a favourable outcome with complete resolution of symptoms at 18-month follow-up. Our case report highlights the need of fixation for large simple bone cyst in proximal femur region along with curettage and bone grafting.

Linking GVC with Trade Dynamics between India and the United Kingdom: A Sector-Level Analysis

In the foreseeable future, the potential for deeper integration into the global value chain (GVC) between India and the UK lies within the establishment of a prospective free trade agreement (FTA). Such an agreement holds promise in facilitating market access, thereby fostering increased participation in the GVC for both countries. This study delves into nine specific sectors, carefully examining the factors that shape India's export flows to the UK within the framework of GVC. This research raises an important question: how will the trade dynamics evolve beyond tariff easing and trade liberalisation, emphasizing the development of robust value-added linkages between these sectors? The findings reveal the pivotal role of GVC participation in sectors like textiles, clothing, and base metals, increasing India's exports to the UK. Conversely, sectors like chemicals and pharmaceuticals thrive on factors such as intensive margin and research and development expenditure, augmenting export performance. These insights underscore the necessity for nuanced, sector specific approaches in crafting trade policies and conducting FTA negotiations, unravelling the intricacies of trade dynamics between India and the UK, and laying the groundwork for mutually beneficial economic cooperation in the future

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROEMULSION CONTAINING ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG

Objective: The aim of the present study was to design novel drug delivery system containing ramipril microemulsion. Ramipril is an antihypertensive drug having very low aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Ramipril microemulsion could be used as a possible alternative to the traditional oral formulation to improve dissolution rate and hence its bioavailability with avoidance of the first-pass metabolism. Methods: The microemulsion existence region was determined by constructing pseudoternary phase diagram and prepared by using four components orange oil, tween 80 as a surfactant, propylene glycol as co-surfactant and distilled water as the aqueous phase. The water titration method was employed for its determination. All formulated microemulsion were subjected for visual inspection, centrifugation and stability test. The all stable formulations were selected for further study. The optimized microemulsion formulation B-9 was subjected for various evaluation parameters such as, visual inspection, stability studies, pH, viscosity measurements, electrical conductivity, content uniformity and dye solubility test. Results: Results revealed that construction of phase diagram and use of phase titration method was a suitable technique for the preparation of microemulsion as most of the formulations were transparent. It was found that the best microemulsion result was found for ratio 2:1. The results of stress tests conclude that the optimized formulation was both physically and chemically stable for 8 mo. Also, The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) radiation measurement and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of optimized formulation indicate the compatibility of ramipril with orange oil, surfactant-tween 80 and cosurfactant-propylene glycol. From electrical conductivity 0.283 σ and staining test the prepared optimized formulation B-9 was found to be o/w type of microemulsion. The optimized B-9 formulation showed good viscosity 13.52±0.01cps and pH 3.21±0.02 with highest drug content uniformity was found to be 84.98±0.02 %. Conclusion: In the present study a satisfactory attempt was made to formulate a novel o/w microemulsion of ramipril which improves the gastrointestinal absorption by raising its water solubility and hence oral bioavailability is also enhanced.Â&nbsp

Prospective study comparing early functional outcome and gait analysis in femoral neck fracture treated by cemented hemiarthroplasty using modified Hardinge approach and conventional posterior approach

Background: A prospective study was done to compare the outcomes of management of fracture neck of femur by cemented hemiarthroplasty using modified Hardinge approach and conventional posterior approachMethods: The 2019 to 2022 50 patients underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture. Group A (Femoral neck fracture treated using conventional posterior approach) and group B (Femoral neck fracture treated using modified Hardinge approach) with 25 patients in each group. Outcomes were evaluated based on mean surgical time and Harris hip score and SF-36.Results: Mean duration of surgery in minutes was more for modified Hardinge approach. Harris hip score with standard deviation for modified Hardinge Approach for follow-ups was better and statistically significant than posterior approach. Similarly, quality of life after surgery, in terms of mean SF-36 score with standard deviation for modified Hardinge approach was better and statistically significant than posterior approach. Modified Hardinge approach has fewer complications in comparison to the posterior approach. With the advantages comes a longer learning curve to operate without complications. Hence, with proper surgical technique, and proper tight closure, we prefer the modified Hardinge approach over other approaches as it had nil dislocations and abductor lurch.Conclusions: Modified Hardinge approach for hip arthroplasty in elderly people with femoral neck fracture provide significant benefit in the early post operative period when compared to conventional posterior approach in terms of post operative pain, time of recovery, dislocation rate and quality of life

Prospective study of management of unstable intertrochantric femur fractures in elderly: hemiarthroplasty vs. osteosynthesis by proximal femoral nail

Background: A prospective study was done to compare the outcomes of management of unstable intertrochantric femur fractures in elderly by hemiarthroplasty and osteosynthesis by proximal femoral nail.Methods: This was an interventional prospective study. The study was carried out over 3 years from 2019 to 2022 at PCMC’s PGI YCMH, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India. The study was carried out over 3 years from 2019 to 2022;50 Patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group A (unstable intertrochanteric femur fracture patients treated by bipolar hemi-arthroplasty) and Group B (unstable intertrochanteric femur fracture patients treated by proximal femoral nailing) with 25 patients in each group. Outcomes were evaluated based on functional outcomes, mean surgical time, mean blood loss during surgery, post-operative length of stay, post-operative complications. Harris hip Score was used to assess clinical functional outcomes.Results: The PFN group showed a better Harris Hip score at 1, 3, and 6 months follow ups. Mean surgical time was more in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. Mean blood loss during surgery was more in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. Post-operative length of stay was more in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. Post-operative complications like infections, limb length discrepencies were more in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group, whereas 2 implant failures occurred in PFN group compared to a single one in bipolar hemiarthroplasty group.Conclusions: Both PFN and bipolar-hemiarthroplasty appear to produce satisfactory outcomes in surgically treated unstable IT fractures, bipolar-hemiarthroplasty has the advantages of early mobilization and early weight bearing, no risk of non-union but PFN group is superior when it comes to functional outcomes, mean surgical time, Mean blood loss during surgery, post-operative length of stay, post-operative complications

Radius-ulna shaft fracture with distal radioulnar joint instability in a case of ipsilateral malunited colles fracture: a case report

Malunion of the distal end of radius is a known consequence of the conservative management. The functional impairment depends on the severity of the deformity and it can be associated with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. Subsequent radius ulna fracture in an elderly osteoporotic patient is a challenging task to manage. A 60 year old female patient came with radius ulna shaft fracture with DRUJ instability with ipsilateral malunited distal radius fracture. We managed with open reduction and internal fixation using 3.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) with ulnar shortening and K wires for DRUJ. At one year, follow-up, patient is having good clinical and radiological outcome without any complications. Radius ulna shaft fracture in cases of malunited colles fracture with positive ulnar variance with DRUJ instability can be managed well with open reduction and internal fixation of radius-ulna shaft which provides stable fixation, ulnar shortening at the fracture site to maintain the neutral/negative ulnar variance and DRUJ fixation using K wires. Use of multiple vicryl sutures to tie the plate to the bone gives additional stability in osteoporotic bones till the fracture unites and prevents implant failure. Combination of the above mentioned procedures helps in getting good functional outcome in elderly osteoporotic patients

Footstep Power Generation using Piezo Ceramic

People move all the time. Wouldn’t it be great to harness that movement and help to power our cities with the movement of people living in them? Piezoelectric harvesting is one of the most reliable and energy efficient method. The crystalline structure of piezoelectric material provides the ability to transform mechanical strain energy into electrical energy. The power generated by piezo is D.C signal with A.C ripples, which is not used directly for battery charging so hence we use rectifier and filter to get pure D.C signal. Further boost converter circuit is used to step up the D.C signal and through battery charger circuit, battery is charged. This charge can be used to drive the a.c loads by converting D.C signal to A.C with help of inverter circuit

A Novel Coronavirus (nCOV- 2019): A Pandemic Severe Respiratory Tract Infections by SARS COV-2 in Human

Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (nCOV 2019) or Coronavirus is one which is associate communicable disease amongst variety of viruses that causes cold, fever, difficulty in breathing and ultimately death. The viruses cause metabolism infections, together with the mundane cold, that square measure usually delicate, although a lot of occasional forms like respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, the illness is that the reason for the 2019–20 coronavirus irruption. It’s primarily unfolded between individuals by diminutive droplets from infected people once they breathe or cough. Individuals could have few symptoms or develop febrility, cough, and shortness of breath. Whereas Feb 2020, different countries together with European country Asian Countries enclosed within the list. Antiviral drugs being tested embrace antimalarial drug, the ribonucleic acid enzyme substance remdesivir, and triazavirin, Umifenovir (Arbidol) and darunavir were planned. Remdesivir and antimalarial drug effectively inhibit the coronavirus in vitro. Favilavir approved as experimental corona virus drug. The objective of this review article to provide basic knowledge & preliminary opinion and to provide an advice which can be proved as the best mantra for defeating nCOV. Thus this review aims to throw light to the new and exciting areas of Virology,  Replication  cycle of corona virus ,  sign & symptoms and diagnosis, Spreading of corona virus, Structural biology of corona virus, the ways of treatment with  alternative medicines  other than antiviral drugs,  and prevention in its early stage of COVID-19 , and also Current Research on Corona. Keywords: Coronavirus, 2019-nCOV2, 2019–20 coronavirus irruption, SARS, WHO, Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), replication of corona virus

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 3-chloro-2-oxo-N-(arylcarbamoyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-sulfonamide derivatives as potential DPP-IV inhibitors

In present work, we aimed at preparing coumarin and sulfonamide containing moieties into a single candidate template i.e. 3-chloro-2-oxo-N-(arylcarbamoyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-sulfonamides for the purpose of synergistic activity as potent DPP-IV inhibitors. The designed derivatives were subjected for the calculations of Lipinski rule, Veber’s rule, ADME analysis, drug-likeness properties and molecular docking. The derivatives which successfully passed all the criteria were proceeded for wet lab synthesis and biological evaluation. From the initial screening through Lipinski rule, Veber’s rule, ADME calculations, and drug-likeness properties, molecules 1a, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i, 1j, 1k, 1o, 1p, 1q, 1r, 1v, 1w, and 1x successfully passed all the filters and displayed most drug-likeness nature. Therefore only these molecules were subjected for molecular docking studies. From molecular docking results, we have selected 1f, 1g, 1i, 1j, and 1v for the wet lab synthesis and biological evaluation. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral analysis and were subjected for in vitro DPP-IV enzyme assay. Sitagliptin was used as standard for the assay and it displayed 0.018 µM IC50 value. Compound 1f, 1g, 1i, 1j, and 1v exhibited 15.55, 15.85, 13.95, 14.48, and 13.45 µM IC50 values respectively

Blind RIS Aided Ordered NOMA: Design, Probability of Outage Analysis and Transmit Power Optimization

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been widely acclaimed as a promising solution to enhance spectral efficiency, increase user fairness, and scale up the number of users in wireless networks by enabling multiple users to share the symmetrical wireless resources. This work is concerned with the development and implementation of blind reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided ordered NOMA (ONOMA) for smart reflector (SR) and access point (AP) configurations. For the RIS-SR-ONOMA and RIS-AP-ONOMA configurations, the closed-form probability of outage expressions is derived, and their performance is reported for distinct values of passive reflector elements. Through optimal power allocation, the downlink (DL) sum capacity is maximized. RIS-aided ONOMA reduces outage rates and increases sum capacity over the traditional ONOMA system. It is discovered that the RIS-aided ONOMA system increases the sum capacity by ≈33% at 20 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for 32 passive reflector elements. The addition of passive reflector elements and symmetrical allocation among users improves the performance of RIS-SR-ONOMA and RIS-AP-ONOMA in terms of outage probability, sum capacity, and probability of error. The proposed work can be employed in applications such as vehicular ad hoc networks, where obtaining precise channel information is difficult due to the rapid mobility of the vehicles