Global Learnings Evidence Brief: Protecting Health Care Workers in South Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The research outlines how South Korea has successfully maintained one of the world’s lowest rates of COVID-19 infections in health care workers. The brief draws on findings from interviews with front line physicians and system leaders in South Korea, along with an in-depth review of national guidelines from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and hospital-level protocols

Remembering to Remember -- Investigation of the Role of Memory in Memento (2001) and Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)

From the Washington University Senior Honors Thesis Abstracts (WUSHTA), Spring 2015. Published by the Office of Undergraduate Research. Joy Zalis Kiefer, Director of Undergraduate Research and Associate Dean in the College of Arts & Sciences; Stacy Ross, Editor; Kristin G. Sobotka, Undergraduate Research Coordinator; Jennifer Kohl. Mentor: Carl Crave

The Possible Role of the Angiotensin System in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia: Implications for Pharmacotherapy

A growing body of literature has elucidated the involvement of the central renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in various neuropsychiatric diseases. While consensus on the exact mechanism of the central RAS in schizophrenia pathophysiology does not currently exist, increasing evidence reveals promise in harnessing the therapeutic potential of RAS modulation in the treatment of schizophrenia. In this review, we examine how the central RAS affects inflammation, glutamate, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma, all of which are associated with schizophrenia etiology. In addition, a recent study has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of RAS modulators, especially angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), as adjunctive therapy to the currently available antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia treatment. With a greater understanding of how RAS inhibition directly modulates neurotransmitter balance in the brain, it is possible that compounds with RAS-inhibiting properties could be used to optimize physiological levels of glutamate, dopamine, and GABA, and the balance among the three neurotransmitters, analogously to how antipsychotic medications mediate the dopaminergic pathways. It can be hoped that a novel approach based on this concept, such as adjunctive telmisartan therapy, may offer practical interventional strategies to address currently unmet therapeutic needs in patients with schizophrenia, especially those with treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Current understanding on the role of nitric oxide and therapeutic potential of NO supplementation in schizophrenia

Implications of nitric oxide (NO) in schizophrenia have been well explored in both animal models and the patient population. Histochemical, genetic, biochemical and pre-clinical pharmacological findings seem to support a relationship between underproduction of NO and schizophrenia. However, the current understanding of the true scope and mechanism of NO\u27s effect in schizophrenia is incomplete to date

A Promising Road in Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Personalized Immunotherapy Based on Molecular and Immune Classification System

Immunotherapy has increasingly proven to be a key treatment modality that can make a significant impact on the lives of many cancer patients. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway have led to remarkable clinical benefits in various cancers, including melanoma and lung cancer, and active investigations are ongoing to expand their therapeutic utility in other cancer types (1). In fact, several clinical trials have revealed a link between high somatic mutation prevalence and the clinical success in PD-1 axis blockade. Considering that colorectal cancers (CRC) are known to have very high rates of somatic mutations in comparison to other solid cancers (2), the potential of immunotherapeutic agents in treating patients with CRC is encouraging (3,4).OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:T201625429RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200001ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A079739CITE_RATE:1.757DEPT_NM:제약학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:YCONFIRM:

Emerging immunotherapy for the treatment of esophageal cancer

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is the third most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite new therapies, the prognosis for patients with these cancers remains poor with 5-year survival rates lower than 15%. Recently, immunotherapy has increasingly gained attention as a novel treatment strategy for advanced esophageal cancer. Areas covered: Recent success of immunotherapy in treating other solid tumors has shed light on the utility of these approaches for esophageal cancers. Here, the authors focus on antibody-based, adoptive-cell-therapy-based, and vaccine-based immunotherapies, and briefly address their rationale, clinical data, and implications. Expert opinion: Immunotherapy is now established to be a key treatment modality that can improve the outcomes of many cancer patients and appears to be ushering in a new era in cancer treatment. Checkpoint inhibitor drugs have shown preliminary favorable results in esophageal cancer treatment. Adoptive cell therapy and vaccine studies have also shown some promise in various clinical studies. Future endeavors will need to focus on identifying patients who are likely to benefit from immunotherapy, monitoring and managing immune responses and designing optimal combination strategies where immunotherapy agents are combined with other traditional treatment modalities