Eveningness relates to burnout and seasonal sleep and mood problems among young adults

<div><p><i>Aims:</i> Diurnal preference towards eveningness among adults has been associated with unhealthy habits and a range of health hazards, such as sleeping problems and higher odds for depression. We wanted to analyse whether diurnal preference towards eveningness is associated with more severe symptoms regarding sleep problems and mental disorders among young adults. <i>Methods:</i> Our sample consists of 469 young adults, aged 18–29 years, from the Mental Health in Early Adulthood Study in Finland (MEAF) conducted in 2003–2005. Chronotype was based on the assessment of one question that was asked first in 2000–2001 and the second time in 2003–2005. Those 73 participants who changed their chronotype were excluded from the main analysis, but separate analyses were performed with this group. <i>Results:</i> Concerning sleep, E-types reported higher dependency on alarm clocks (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and E-types and I-types had more problems in feeling refreshed after waking up (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 and <i>p</i> < 0.05 respectively) than M-types. Regarding mental health, E-types and I-types had lower odds for any lifetime DSM-IV Axis I disorder (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.01 respectively) than M-types. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our results are in line with previous findings that those with the diurnal preference towards eveningness have more frequently three or more lifetime mental disorders, more sleeping problems, more seasonal variation in mood and behaviour, and more burnout compared with those with the diurnal preference towards morningness.</p></div

Additional file 6: Table S5. of Treatment adequacy of anxiety disorders among young adults in Finland

Variables associated with benzodiazepine use during the most intensive treatment period for anxiety disorders. (DOC 48kb

Additional file 5: Table S4. of Treatment adequacy of anxiety disorders among young adults in Finland

Variables associated with treatments received during the most intensive treatment period for anxiety disorders. (DOC 79 kb

Outcome of depressive and anxiety disorders among young adults: Results from the Longitudinal Finnish Health 2011 Study

<p><b>Purpose of the study:</b> We investigated the outcomes and outcome predictors of depressive and anxiety disorders in a general population sample of young adults with a lifetime history of these disorders.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> The study sample was derived from a nationally representative two-stage cluster sample of Finns aged 19–34 years. The original study was carried out in 2003–2005, and the follow-up in 2011. We investigated participants diagnosed with a depressive or anxiety disorder based on a SCID interview (excluding those with only a single specific phobia) (DAX-group, <i>N</i> = 181). The control group included those with no DSM-IV- diagnosis (N = 290). They were followed up with the M-CIDI interview assessing 12-month depressive and anxiety disorders in 2011.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> In 2011, 22.8% of the DAX-group was diagnosed with a depressive or anxiety disorder compared to 9.8% of the control group. Education was lower and quality of life worse in the DAX-group than in the control group. Those participants of the DAX-group who received a diagnosis in 2011 had poorer quality of life than those in remission, which emphasizes the influence of a current disorder on the quality of life. Higher score in the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) at baseline predicted poorer quality of life in 2011.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Thus, depressive and anxiety disorders were persistent/recurrent in one quarter of participants, significantly affecting education and quality of life<b>.</b> Young adults with these disorders need support to achieve their academic goals.</p

Additional file 4: Table S3. of Treatment adequacy of anxiety disorders among young adults in Finland

Sociodemographic factors, comorbid disorders, benzodiazepine use and misuse during the most intensive treatment episode for anxiety disorders. (DOC 96 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of The effectiveness of email-based exercises in promoting psychological wellbeing and healthy lifestyle: a two-year follow-up study

The themes of the emails. Table S2. Participation for different types of interventions. Table S3. Outcome variables in the intervention and controls groups at baseline, 2-month and 2-year follow-ups. Figure S1. Binge drinking in the intervention and controls groups over time. Figure S2. Daily smoking in the intervention and control groups over time. Figure S3. The proportion of participants doing physical exercise at least 3 h per week in the intervention and control groups over time. Figure S4. The proportion of participants using vegetables or fruits daily in the intervention and control groups over time. Figure S5. Level of stress in the intervention group by adherence to the treatment protocol. Figure S6. Confidence in the future in the intervention group by adherence to the treatment protocol. Figure S7. Gratitude in the intervention group by adherence to the treatment protocol. (PDF 302 kb

Manual Quality Control with Freesurfer 7.1: Key Problem Areas and Importance of Corrections

This poster is related to manual quality control of MRI images processed by the Freesurfer 7.1 software suite.</p

Telomere length as a function of age.

<p>Anxiety disorder core and subthreshold cases (N = 321) are shown with red dots and controls (N = 653) with blue dots, each dot representing one individual. Regression lines for both groups are shown with the same color coding.</p

A positive correlation with serum levels of apolipoprotein A-I and white matter volume in right temporal ROI was observed within patients.

<p>Voxels with <i>p</i> < 0.005 (uncorrected, for visualization only; see corrected <i>p</i>-values in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0125112#pone.0125112.t004" target="_blank">Table 4</a>) within the ROI are shown in hot colors on an SPM’s canonical single subject T1-image. Depicted are the sagittal, coronal, and axial views at <i>x</i> = 18, <i>y</i> = -42, <i>z</i> = 7. At the bottom right, a color plate shows the <i>t</i>-value. Left hemisphere is on the left.</p

The number of childhood adverse life events affects relative telomere length at adult age.

<p>Relative telomere length is adjusted for age and sex. Each bar presents group mean (± standard error of the mean).</p