3,462 research outputs found
Development of Chinese Strategic Petroleum Reserves Base on Comparable Research about Japanese Situation and Policies
AbstractPetroleum is one of the most important energy which can’t be regenerated. During the increasing development of world economy, petroleum has become significant energy to keep a county's economy survival. Japan which has almost no petroleum capacity had started strategic petroleum reserve since last century. Abundant reserve helped Japan conquering twice petroleum crises. As the biggest and fastest developing country, China has the main purpose to protect economy rise consecutively. Petroleum reserve also is emphasized more by Chinese government in present time. According to research base on Japanese and Chinese petroleum situation, legislation, policies, and response measures, the article put forward three stage reserve system of China, and discussed some relative issues about development of Chinese strategic petroleum reserve
(2E,3E)-3-(Pyrazin-2-yloxyimino)butan-2-one oxime
In the title compound, C8H10N4O2, all non-H atoms are nearly coplanar [maximum deviation 0.1256 (16) Å for the methyl C furthest from the ring]. Intermolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link adjacent molecules into a one-dimensional zigzag chain along the c axis. There is also a weak π–π stacking interaction between neighbouring pyrazine rings, with a centroid–centroid distance of 4.0432 (15) Å
40-Gbps vestigial sideband half-cycle Nyquist subcarrier modulation transmission experiment and its comparison with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
This is the published version. Copyright 2014 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation EngineersWe experimentally demonstrate the superior performance of a 40-Gbps 16-QAM half-cycle Nyquist subcarrier modulation (SCM) transmission over a 100-km uncompensated standard single-mode fiber using dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator-based vestigial sideband intensity modulation and direct detection. The impact of modulator chirp on the system performance is experimentally evaluated. This Nyquist-SCM technique is compared with optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in both back-to-back and 100-km transmission experiments, and the results show that the Nyquist system has a better performance
Iterative intersymbol interference cancellation in vestigial sideband Nyquist–subcarrier modulation system
This is the published version. © 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
(SPIE)The intersymbol interference caused by dispersion, chirp, and a vestigial sideband filter in intensity
modulation and a direct detection single carrier system is analyzed theoretically and numerically. An iterative
nonlinear intersymbol interference cancellation technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in a 40-
Gbps 16-QAM Mach-Zehnder modulator-based vestigial sideband intensity modulation and direct detection halfcycle
Nyquist–subcarrier modulation system over a 100-km uncompensated standard single-mode fiber transmission
for the first time. The experimental results show that 2.2-dB receiver sensitivity improvement is obtained
at the forward error correction limit by using the iterative technique
Highly-stretchable and water impermeable thermally-grown silicon dioxide thin film with wavy structures
To ensure chemical stability and long-term operation, organic electronic devices require encapsulation layer with low water vapor transmittance rate because organic components in organic electronic device are vulnerable to humidity. Encapsulation of commercialized OLEDs are rigid glass and epoxy resin, which are not suitable for flexible devices requiring high flexibility. TFE (thin-film encapsulation) technique has been studied for flexible device encapsulation. Amorphous materials are selected for TFE materials because they are dense and transparent and do not have fast diffusion paths like grain boundary. Thermally-grown silicon dioxide, oxidized from single crystal silicon substrate at high temperature, has ultra-low water vapor transmittance rate due to high density without pinholes and defects. However, the thermally-grown silicon dioxide thin films have a low elastic limit (\u3c 1%) and show brittle fracture alike typical amorphous materials. For that reasons, it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the thermally-grown silicon dioxide thin film for flexible encapsulation.
In this study, we tried to improve the stretchability by applying the wavy structure to thermally-grown silicon dioxide and developed the wavy structure texturing of single crystal silicon substrate by using photo-lithography and various etching process. we fabricated a highly-stretchable wavy thermally-grown silicon dioxide TFE by oxidizing wavy textured crystalline silicon substrate. Also, we carried out cyclic tensile test of submicron scale wavy thermally-grown silicon dioxide films and defined the elastic limit, and the stretchability. And then, we analyze the enhancement of stretchability by finite element analysis on the wavy and flat thermally-grown silicon dioxide TFE and discussed about the correlation between the improvement of stretchability and wavy structure
Rapid Changes of Photospheric Magnetic Field after Tether-Cutting Reconnection and Magnetic Implosion
The rapid, irreversible change of the photospheric magnetic field has been
recognized as an important element of the solar flare process. This Letter
reports such a rapid change of magnetic fields during the 2011 February 13 M6.6
flare in NOAA AR 11158 that we found from the vector magnetograms of the
Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager with 12-min cadence. High-resolution
magnetograms of Hinode that are available at ~-5.5, -1.5, 1.5, and 4 hrs
relative to the flare maximum are used to reconstruct three-dimensional coronal
magnetic field under the nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) assumption. UV and
hard X-ray images are also used to illuminate the magnetic field evolution and
energy release. The rapid change is mainly detected by HMI in a compact region
lying in the center of the magnetic sigmoid, where the mean horizontal field
strength exhibited a significant increase by 28%. The region lies between the
initial strong UV and hard X-ray sources in the chromosphere, which are
cospatial with the central feet of the sigmoid according to the NLFFF model.
The NLFFF model further shows that strong coronal currents are concentrated
immediately above the region, and that more intriguingly, the coronal current
system underwent an apparent downward collapse after the sigmoid eruption.
These results are discussed in favor of both the tether-cutting reconnection
producing the flare and the ensuing implosion of the coronal field resulting
from the energy release.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Letter
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