Kingdom versus empire in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia

This paper examines the role of the distinction between the Persian kingdom and the Persian empire drawn in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia with the view to showing that Cyrus’s government of his empire does not lend itself to a darker reading, but rather that his style of rule is based on an aristocratic-meritocratic view of the world

Fabrication, in vitro degradation and the release behaviours of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanospheres containing ascorbic acid

Ascorbic acid (vitamin Q is essential for preserving optimal health and is used by the body for many purposes. The problem is that ascorbic acid easily decomposes into biologically inactive compounds making its use very limited in the field of pharmaceuticals, dermatological and cosmetics. By encapsulating the ascorbic acid into a polymer matrix it is assumed that its chemical instability can be overcome as well as higher, more efficient and equally distributed concentration throughout extended period of time can be achieved. This paper is describing the process of obtaining poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (DLPLG) nanospheres (110-170 nm) using chemical method with solvent/non-solvent systems where obtained solutions have been centrifuged. The encapsulation of the ascorbic acid in the polymer matrix is performed by homogenisation of water and organic phases. Nanoparticles of the copolymer DLPLG with the different contents of the ascorbic acid have different morphological characteristics, i.e. variable degree of uniformity, agglomeration, sizes and spherical shaping. The degradation of the nanospheres of DLPLG, DLPLG/ascorbic acid nanoparticles and release rate of the ascorbic acid were studied for 8 weeks in a physiological solution (0.9% sodium chloride in water). The samples have been characterised by infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), stereological analysis and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The stabilizer influence on morphological characteristics of poly-(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanospheres

Copolymer poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) is used for obtaining the systems for controlled delivery of medicaments. Its specific characteristics make it suitable for various researches where its synthesis is performed in different ways. Using the system for controlled delivery of medicaments, an equal concentration of the medicament is achieved in the body throughout an extended period of time and it has advantages over the conventional methods. In this paper we present a new solvent/non-solvent chemical method for obtaining DLPLG nanospheres. In the experiment various stabilizers were used in order to examine their influence on morphological characteristics of DLPLG particles. The samples were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Stereological analysis.Research Trends in Contemporary Materials Science, 8th Conference of the Yugoslav-Materials-Research-Society (Yu-MRS), Sep 04-08, 2006, Herceg Novi, Montenegr