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Still in the âDriverâs Seatâ, But for How Long? ASEANâs Capacity for Leadership in East-Asian International Relations
The Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs
is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
The online version of this article can be found at: <www.CurrentSoutheastAsianAffairs.org
âThe Othersâ: Gender and Conscientious Objection in the First World War
In a time when âif one was born a male, one became a soldierâ, what does it mean to be a man who refuses to fight? This article uses Connellâs framework of âhegemonic masculinityâ to locate conscientious objectorsâ male identities as a suppressed, subaltern manliness that deviated from the dominant norm of martial masculinity. It argues that despite rejecting many aspects of this norm, objectors nonetheless articulated their counter-hegemonic struggle in starkly militarised language, presenting themselves as heroes sacrificing their lives for the greater good. It suggests that in order to understand, rather than merely judge, this strategy, it is important to see masculinity not as a completely discrete field of struggle, but as one of many mutually constitutive structuring principles underpinning a social order that is arranged not merely along patriarchal lines, but along lines of nation and class. In turn, these other principles impose limits on the nature of and possibilities for counter-hegemonic struggle
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Imagining old age
People often seem to be reluctant to imagine that they will ever grow old themselves. Of course, at one level, we all know that, unless we die âyoungâ, we will all grow âoldâ eventually. A life course runs from birth to death and, for most people, this will include a stage of being âoldâ. But, somehow, it seems to be hard for many people to believe that they will ever really be old themselves. This chapter first examines some of the explanations that gerontologists and other scholars have given for why people often find it hard to imagine themselves being old. It then asks why it matters that people should be able to imagine their own old age. Finally, it considers some techniques which could be used by researchers and other people if they want to encourage people to think about their own old age
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The Radio Jets and Accretion Disk in NGC 4261
The structure of AGN accretion disks on sub-parsec scales can be probed
through free-free absorption of synchrotron emission from the base of symmetric
radio jets. We present new VLBA observations of the nearby FR-I radio galaxy
NGC 4261 at 22 and 43 GHz, and combine these with previous VLBA observations at
1.6 and 8.4 GHz to map absorption caused by an inner accretion disk. Assuming
the disk is geometrically and optically thin and composed of a uniform 10^4 K
plasma, the average electron density in the inner 0.1 pc is 10^3 - 10^8 cm^-3.
Equating thermal gas pressure and magnetic field strength gives a disk magnetic
field of 10^-4 - 10^-2 Gauss at 0.1 pc. The jet opening angle is between 0.3
and 20 degrees during the first 0.2 pc of the jet, and must be less than 5
degrees during the first 0.8 pc. We include an appendix containing expressions
for a simple, optically thin, gas pressure dominated accretion disk model which
may be applicable to other galaxies in addition to NGC 4261.Comment: 15 pages plus 6 postscript figures, accepted by Ap
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