Model reduction of electric rotors subjected to PWM excitation for structural dynamics design

International audienceRotors of asynchronous machines can be subjected to risk of failure due to vibratory fatigue. This is caused by the way electric motors are powered. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is the control strategy of the traction chain. This signal is composed by a fundamental and numerous harmonics of voltage and current that induce harmonics onthe torquesignal resultingin hugetorque oscillations. It canlead to repeated torsionalresonance when coincidences occur. This can induce severe damages and even lead to rupture if electric excitations are not taken into account at the design stage. In this work, a magnetic finite element model is built by using Fourier decomposition in order to take into account harmonics due to PWM. Pressures exported from this model are used as inputs for mechanical FEM. A mechanical reduced order model is also proposed in order to compute stress in rotating part. This second model allows to reduce time computation and then to consider several operating points to build a complete speed up. A correlation is performed between these two models and rotating tests in order to discuss the relevance of these approaches to design rotor parts

Considering the lilies : Christina Rossetti’s ecological Jesus

Christina Rossetti imagined Christ as an ecological figure to showcase her own commitment to a theology of creation in which the human and other-than-human are interconnected in divine kinship. This chapter suggests that in the “Sermon on the Mount” Rossetti found a language to describe this kinship she elevated the other-than-human as comprising a perfected and graced nature. Interconnected with creation, the other-than-human, she believed, served as an example of how humans might access grace. The chapter makes this argument with reference to Rossetti’s theological prose—Seek and Find: A Double Series of Short Studies on the Benedicite (1879), Called to Be Saints: The Minor Festivals Devotionally Studied (1881) and Time Flies: A Reading Diary (1885)—and poems that reworked Matthew 6:28 “They toil not, neither do they spin” and “Consider the lilies of the field.