Elizabeth Afu and the Mother Ministry in Bukaolum Boki - Cross River State: A Discourse on the Paranormal

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Histopathological effects of Cyperdicot and vitamin E supplementation on selected organs of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) reared in a tropical fish farm in Nigeria

This study conducted in 2014 investigated the histopathological effects of Cyperdicot and vitamin E supplementation on some selected organs in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus. Fish were exposed to 0. 0.08 and 0.16 mg/L Cyperdicot and vitamin E. Fish were divided into six groups: control, 0.80 mg/L; Cyperdicot, 0.16 mg/L; Cyperdicot, vitamin E, vitamin E + 0.08 mg/L Cyperdicot, and vitamin E + 0.16 m/L Cyperdicot insecticide. There was significant relation between temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen with Cyperdicot concentration. The LC50 value based on probit analysis was found to be 0.08 mg/L for 96 h. Samples were taken at fixed times for histopathological studies. The fish exhibited behavioural and dermatological changes. Vitamin E + 0.08 mg/L Cyperdicot and vitamin E + 0.16 mg/L Cyperdicot treated fish showed abnormalities in their behaviour. Gills, liver, and kidneys of the 0.08 mg/L Cyperdicot treated group also showed several histopathological changes during the experimental periods. The organs of the fish treated with vitamin E + 0.16 mg/L Cyperdicot induced histopathological changes. The toxic effect of Cyperdicot is clear on the behavioural and histopathological aspects of the fish gills, liver, and kidney tissues, while vitamin E had no amelioration effects on them.Keywords: Cyperdicot, vitamin E, Clarias gariepinus, pesticide, sub lethal toxicit