15 research outputs found
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): a systematic review of anatomy and potential risk factors
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), a common cause of anterior knee pain, is successfully treated in over 2/3 of patients through rehabilitation protocols designed to reduce pain and return function to the individual. Applying preventive medicine strategies, the majority of cases of PFPS may be avoided if a pre-diagnosis can be made by clinician or certified athletic trainer testing the current researched potential risk factors during a Preparticipation Screening Evaluation (PPSE). We provide a detailed and comprehensive review of the soft tissue, arterial system, and innervation to the patellofemoral joint in order to supply the clinician with the knowledge required to assess the anatomy and make recommendations to patients identified as potentially at risk. The purpose of this article is to review knee anatomy and the literature regarding potential risk factors associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome and prehabilitation strategies. A comprehensive review of knee anatomy will present the relationships of arterial collateralization, innervations, and soft tissue alignment to the possible multifactoral mechanism involved in PFPS, while attempting to advocate future use of different treatments aimed at non-soft tissue causes of PFPS
High-performance flat-panel solar thermoelectric generators with high thermal concentration
The conversion of sunlight into electricity has been dominated by photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation. Photovoltaic cells are deployed widely, mostly as flat panels, whereas solar thermal electricity generation relying on optical concentrators and mechanical heat engines is only seen in large-scale power plants. Here we demonstrate a promising flat-panel solar thermal to electric power conversion technology based on the Seebeck effect and high thermal concentration, thus enabling wider applications. The developed solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs) achieved a peak efficiency of 4.6% under AM1.5G (1kW m -2) conditions. The efficiency is 7-8 times higher than the previously reported best value for a flat-panel STEG, and is enabled by the use of high-performance nanostructured thermoelectric materials and spectrally-selective solar absorbers in an innovative design that exploits high thermal concentration in an evacuated environment. Our work opens up a promising new approach which has the potential to achieve cost-effective conversion of solar energy into electricity. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Thermoelectric Properties of Trisubstituted Skutterudite Co4Sb11Ge1−x−y Te x Se y Compounds
Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Antimony Thin Films Deposited on Flexible Substrates by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering
Optimization of the thermopower of antimony telluride thin film by introducing tellurium nanoparticles
Xylem hydraulic properties in subtropical coniferous trees influence radial patterns of sap flow: implications for whole tree transpiration estimates using sap flow sensors
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The Present and Future of QCD
This White Paper presents the community inputs and scientific conclusions
from the Hot and Cold QCD Town Meeting that took place September 23-25, 2022 at
MIT, as part of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) 2023 Long Range
Planning process. A total of 424 physicists registered for the meeting. The
meeting highlighted progress in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) nuclear physics
since the 2015 LRP (LRP15) and identified key questions and plausible paths to
obtaining answers to those questions, defining priorities for our research over
the coming decade. In defining the priority of outstanding physics
opportunities for the future, both prospects for the short (~ 5 years) and
longer term (5-10 years and beyond) are identified together with the
facilities, personnel and other resources needed to maximize the discovery
potential and maintain United States leadership in QCD physics worldwide. This
White Paper is organized as follows: In the Executive Summary, we detail the
Recommendations and Initiatives that were presented and discussed at the Town
Meeting, and their supporting rationales. Section 2 highlights major progress
and accomplishments of the past seven years. It is followed, in Section 3, by
an overview of the physics opportunities for the immediate future, and in
relation with the next QCD frontier: the EIC. Section 4 provides an overview of
the physics motivations and goals associated with the EIC. Section 5 is devoted
to the workforce development and support of diversity, equity and inclusion.
This is followed by a dedicated section on computing in Section 6. Section 7
describes the national need for nuclear data science and the relevance to QCD
research
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The present and future of QCD
This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 Hot and Cold QCD Town Meeting. We present the progress made in the last decade toward a deep understanding of both the fundamental structure of the sub-atomic matter of nucleon and nucleus in cold QCD, and the hot QCD matter in heavy ion collisions. We identify key questions of QCD research and plausible paths to obtaining answers to those questions in the near future, hence defining priorities of our research over the coming decades