Gender and entrepreneurial intentions

The paper identifies commonalities and differences between women and men in terms of eleven key factors’ impact on the formation of entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) among Norwegian students. The analysis is based on a sample of 1,782 Norwegian students from a variety of faculties and degree programs. A path analysis methodological approach is used, while being based on multiple regressions so as to gradually refine model complexities. Findings show that common to both sexes are the effects of entrepreneurial experience, social norms, self-efficacy, and age. The direct effects of role models and taking an economics major are only evident among males. The direct effect of entrepreneurship education and risk perceptions are only evident among females. Moreover, the study identifies the criticality of role models and an economics major in the overall network of effects in the case of male students, as well as the critical role of entrepreneurial education in the overall network of effects in the case of female students

Ledelse, organisering og nådegaver i menigheter

Published version of an article in the journal: Scandinavian Journal for Leadership & Theology. Also available from the publisher at: http://sjlt-journal.com/ Open AccessIn this article, we discuss whether leadership and organisational structure can influence and facilitate the use of spiritual gifts in congregations. The purpose is to substantiate a link and give some examples of what this relationship may be like. We argue that leaders contribute to the design of organisational structures and that they apply different leadership styles, which may have implications for the development of spiritual gifts. For instance, we try to show that proactive construction of various arenas; the size and composition of the group of participants at these arenas; and strong relational and change orientation within a transformational leadership style, will contribute positively to the development and practise of various gifts developed in the congregation

The importance of social networks in the Norwegian firewood industry

Accepted version of an article from journal of Biomass and BioenergyThis study examines the relationship between social network size, innovation and firm performance among firewood producers in Norway. Moreover, it investigates how this relationship is affected both by the structure and variations in networks and by firm size and age. A questionnaire-based survey was sent to managers of firms (including one-person firms) in the firewood industry in Norway. A total of 645 usable replies were received, and the theoretical model was tested using structural equation modeling. The findings show that social network size has a positive effect on firm performance via innovation by firewood producers. Furthermore, the results show that firewood producers with fewer involved family members and more variation in occupation and entrepreneurial experience in their networks benefit more from larger social networks than other producers do

How Can Strategic Leadership be Applied to the Development of the Local Church? A Discussion of Content and Process

publishedVersio

Inter-organizational networks and innovation in small, knowledge-intensive firms: A literature review

Published version of article from the journal: International Journal of Innovation ManagementIn this study, we address the effect of innovation strategy and an innovative working climate on financial performance in the Norwegian wood industry. Innovation strategy embodies four dimensions: the degrees to which innovation in the form of products, processes, and business systems are embedded in the management values and priorities as well as the degree of expenditure in R&D. An innovative working climate is exemplified by team cohesion, supervisory encouragement, resources, autonomy, challenge, and openness to innovation. Previous studies have indicated a lack of research in traditional manufacturing firms on both innovation strategy and a supportive working climate. Our survey was answered by 241 CEOs. The connectional model was tested with structural equation modelling, and all hypotheses received support. This result implied that innovation strategy and an innovative working climate enhanced financial performance in traditional manufacturing firms

INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION PROMOTERS IN SMALL, KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE FIRMS

This paper examines the relationship between external relations and innovation in small, knowledge-intensive Norwegian firms. Our findings indicate that external relations are beneficial for innovation. The analysis shows that it is necessary to treat innovation as more than a concept. Our independent variables related differently to product innovation, process innovation, and market innovation.We found that market participation in product development has a positive impact on product, process and market innovation. We also found that top management interaction with other firms had a positive effect on market innovation and that top management interaction with external R&D had a positive effect on product innovation. This finding probably indicates that access to R&D resources is vital for product development in the context of knowledge-intensive products. The results also show that participation in conferences and courses positively influences process and market innovation and that systematic environmental scanning positively influences product innovation.Innovation, innovation promoters, external relations, small, knowledge-intensive firms, Norway