New filovirus disease classification and nomenclature

Filoviruses, the members of the family Filoviridae, are currently classified into one proposed and five established genera (Supplementary Table 1). Of the twelve described filoviruses, six have been identified as aetiological agents of naturally occurring human disease outbreaks

Network Density Estimation: Analysis of Point Patterns over a Network

This research focuses on examining point pattern distributions over a network, therefore abandoning the usual hypotheses of homogeneity and isotropy of space and considering network spaces as frameworks for the distribution of point patterns. Many human related point phenomena are distributed over a space that is usually not homogenous and that depend on a network-led configuration. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and K-functions are commonly used and allow analysis of first and second order properties of point phenomena. Here an extension of KDE, called Network Density Estimation (NDE) is proposed. The idea is to consider the kernel as a density function based on network distances rather than Euclidean ones. That should allow identification of \u2018linear\u2019 clusters along networks and the identification of a more precise surface pattern of network related phenomena

Water in silicate glasses and melts of environmental interest: from volcanoes to cathedrals.

International audiencen silicate glasses and melts, water acts according to two main processes. First, it can be dissolved in high temperature/high pressure melts. Second, it constitutes a weathering agent on the glass surface. A number of in-situ x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) studies for Fe, Ni, Zr, Th and U show that the more charged cations (Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, Sn, Th and U) are little affected by the presence of dissolved water in the melt. In contrast, divalent iron and nickel are highly sensitive to the presence of water, which enhance nucleation processes, for example, of phyllosilicates at the Å-scale. Such information provides additional constraints on the role of water deep in the Earth, particularly in magmatology. By contrast, the weathering of glass surfaces by water can be studied from a durability perspective. Experimental weathering experiments of nuclear waste glasses performed in the laboratory show a variety of surface enrichments (carbon, chlorine, alkalis, iron) after exposure to atmospheric fluids and moisture. Mn-, and Fe-surface enrichments of analogous glasses of the XIVth century are related to the formation of Mn and Fe oxy/hydroxides on the surface. The impact on the glass darkening is considered in terms of urban pollution and mass tourism