29,637 research outputs found
Localization to delocalization transition in a driven nonlinear cavity array
We study nonlinear cavity arrays where the particle relaxation rate in each
cavity increases with the excitation number. We show that coherent parametric
inputs can drive such arrays into states with commensurate filling that form
non-equilibrium analogs of Mott insulating states. We explore the boundaries of
the Mott insulating phase and the transition to a delocalized phase with
spontaneous first order coherence. While sharing many similarities with the
Mott insulator to superfluid transition in equilibrium, the phase-diagrams we
find also show marked differences. Particularly the off diagonal order does not
become long range since the influence of dephasing processes increases with
increasing tunneling rates.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
Reduced dimensionality in layered quantum dimer magnets: Frustration vs. inhomogeneous condensates
Motivated by recent experiments on BaCuSi2O6, we investigate magnetic
excitations and quantum phase transitions of layered dimer magnets with
inter-layer frustration. We consider two scenarios, (A) a lattice with one
dimer per unit cell and perfect inter-layer frustration, and (B) an enlarged
unit cell with inequivalent layers, with and without perfect frustration. In
all situations, the critical behavior at asymptotically low temperatures is
three-dimensional, but the corresponding crossover scale may be tiny. Magnetic
ordering in case (B) can be discussed in terms of two condensates; remarkably,
perfect frustration renders the proximity effect ineffective. Then, the
ordering transition will be generically split, with clear signatures in
measurable properties. Using a generalized bond-operator method, we calculate
the low-temperature magnetic properties in the paramagnetic and
antiferromagnetic phases. Based on the available experimental data on
BaCuSi2O6, we propose that scenario (B) with inequivalent layers and imperfect
frustration is realized in this material, likely with an additional modulation
of the inter-layer couling along the c axis.Comment: 23 pages, 18 figs, (v2) new fig for bandwidths, (v3) triplon binding
energy discussed, (v4) small changes for clarification, accepted (PRB
Droplet impact on a thin fluid layer
The initial stages of high-velocity droplet impact on a shallow water layer are described, with special emphasis given to the spray jet mechanics. Four stages of impact are delineated, with appropriate scalings, and the successively more important influence of the base is analysed. In particular, there is a finite time before which part of the water in the layer remains under the droplet and after which all of the layer is ejected in the splash jet
Magnetic Fields in Dark Cloud Cores: Arecibo OH Zeeman Observations
We have carried out an extensive survey of magnetic field strengths toward
dark cloud cores in order to test models of star formation: ambipolar-diffusion
driven or turbulence driven. The survey involved hours of observing
with the Arecibo telescope in order to make sensitive OH Zeeman observations
toward 34 dark cloud cores. Nine new probable detections were achieved at the
2.5-sigma level; the certainty of the detections varies from solid to marginal,
so we discuss each probable detection separately. However, our analysis
includes all the measurements and does not depend on whether each position has
a detection or just a sensitive measurement. Rather, the analysis establishes
mean (or median) values over the set of observed cores for relevant
astrophysical quantities. The results are that the mass-to-flux ratio is
supercritical by , and that the ratio of turbulent to magnetic energies
is also . These results are compatible with both models of star
formation. However, these OH Zeeman observations do establish for the first
time on a statistically sound basis the energetic importance of magnetic fields
in dark cloud cores at densities of order cm, and they lay
the foundation for further observations that could provide a more definitive
test.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures, 2 table
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