717 research outputs found
On the buckling of bars and plates in the plastic range. Part II
A review is made of existing literature concerning comparison with experiment of various theoretical formulas for buckling of plates in the plastic region. The significance and relative merits of various theories are discussed
Comparing theories: the dynamics of changing vocabulary. A case-study in relativity theory
There are several first-order logic (FOL) axiomatizations of special
relativity theory in the literature, all looking essentially different but
claiming to axiomatize the same physical theory. In this paper, we elaborate a
comparison, in the framework of mathematical logic, between these FOL theories
for special relativity. For this comparison, we use a version of mathematical
definability theory in which new entities can also be defined besides new
relations over already available entities. In particular, we build an
interpretation of the reference-frame oriented theory SpecRel into the
observationally oriented Signalling theory of James Ax. This interpretation
provides SpecRel with an operational/experimental semantics. Then we make
precise, "quantitative" comparisons between these two theories via using the
notion of definitional equivalence. This is an application of logic to the
philosophy of science and physics in the spirit of Johan van Benthem's work.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Springer Book series Trends in
Logi
Changing a semantics: opportunism or courage?
The generalized models for higher-order logics introduced by Leon Henkin, and
their multiple offspring over the years, have become a standard tool in many
areas of logic. Even so, discussion has persisted about their technical status,
and perhaps even their conceptual legitimacy. This paper gives a systematic
view of generalized model techniques, discusses what they mean in mathematical
and philosophical terms, and presents a few technical themes and results about
their role in algebraic representation, calibrating provability, lowering
complexity, understanding fixed-point logics, and achieving set-theoretic
absoluteness. We also show how thinking about Henkin's approach to semantics of
logical systems in this generality can yield new results, dispelling the
impression of adhocness. This paper is dedicated to Leon Henkin, a deep
logician who has changed the way we all work, while also being an always open,
modest, and encouraging colleague and friend.Comment: 27 pages. To appear in: The life and work of Leon Henkin: Essays on
his contributions (Studies in Universal Logic) eds: Manzano, M., Sain, I. and
Alonso, E., 201
On the Right Path: A Modal Logic for Supervised Learning
Formal learning theory formalizes the process of inferring a general result
from examples, as in the case of inferring grammars from sentences when
learning a language. Although empirical evidence suggests that children can
learn a language without responding to the correction of linguistic mistakes,
the importance of Teacher in many other paradigms is significant. Instead of
focusing only on learner(s), this work develops a general framework---the
supervised learning game (SLG)---to investigate the interaction between Teacher
and Learner. In particular, our proposal highlights several interesting
features of the agents: on the one hand,Learner may make mistakes in the
learning process, and she may also ignore the potential relation between
different hypotheses; on the other hand, Teacher is able to correct Learner's
mistakes, eliminate potential mistakes and point out the facts ignored by
Learner. To reason about strategies in this game, we develop a modal logic of
supervised learning (SLL). Broadly, this work takes a small step towards
studying the interaction between graph games, logics and formal learning
theory.Comment: The paper was accepted by LORI 2019. But due to the page-limit
constraints, that Proceedings version does not include any proofs. In this
version, we show the proofs for the result
Aperture array development for future large radio telescopes
We present the design of a phased array system for future radio telescopes. This includes a system overview and recent results of the designed and implemented system, the Electronic Multi-Beam Radio Astronomy Concept (EMBRACE). Furthermore, simulations with a full-EM antenna simulator, combined with measurements on actual hardware, will provide information for the next design step, the Aperture Array Verification System (AAVS). With AAVS, we will prove design readiness of this novel array technology
On Semantic Gamification
The purpose of this essay is to study the extent in which the semantics for different logical systems can be represented game theoretically. I will begin by considering different definitions of what it means to gamify a semantics, and show completeness and limitative results. In particular, I will argue that under a proper definition of gamification, all finitely algebraizable logics can be gamified, as well as some infinitely algebraizable ones (like Łukasiewicz) and some non-algebraizable (like intuitionistic and van Fraassen supervaluation logic)
- …