Влияние высокожировой и высокоуглеводной диеты на клетки крови крыс

Aim. To study the effects of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on erythrocytes and platelets of rats.Materials and methods. Male Wistar rats (n = 23) were used for the study. The rats were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The rats from the control group were fed with standard rat chow. The rats from the experimental group had received a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet for 12 weeks. In the rats, body weight and blood pressure (BP) were measured, an oral glucose tolerance test was carried out, and hematological and lipid metabolism parameters were analyzed. The conductance of erythrocyte KCa-channels was measured by the potentiometric method, and platelet aggregation was determined by the turbidimetric method.Results. Feeding the rats with a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet for 12 weeks resulted in obesity, BP elevation, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia with pronounced triglyceridemia. In the experimental group, a rise in the number of leukocytes, mainly due to granulocytes, and an increase in the number of platelets and their collagen-induced aggregation were observed. The red blood cell count in the rats of the experimental group did not significantly differ from that of the control group. In the experimental group, multidirectional changes in the membrane potential were observed in response to the stimulation of the KCa-channels in the erythrocyte membrane with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 or artificial redox systems.Conclusion. The obtained data indicate that a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet leads to metabolic and hemorheological disorders that are typical of metabolic syndrome.Цель – изучить воздействие высокожировой и высокоуглеводной диеты на эритроциты и тромбоциты крови крыс.Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 23 самцах крыс линии Вистар, которые были разделены на контрольную и опытную группу. Крысы контрольной группы находились на стандартной диете. Крысы опытной группы в течение 12 нед получали высокожировую и высокоуглеводную диету. Животным измеряли массу тела, артериальное давление (АД), выполняли глюкозотолерантный тест, определяли гематологические показатели и параметры липидного обмена. Потенциометрическим методом изучали проводимость КСа-каналов мембраны эритроцитов, турбидиметрическим – агрегационную способность тромбоцитов.Результаты. Содержание животных на высокожировой и высокоуглеводной диете приводило к ожирению, повышению АД, гипергликемии, снижению толерантности к глюкозе, дислипидемии с выраженной триглицеридемией. У животных опытной группы происходило увеличение количества лейкоцитов, главным образом, за счет гранулоцитов, повышение числа тромбоцитов и их коллаген-индуцированной агрегации. Количественные показатели клеток красной крови крыс опытной группы не отличались от контрольной группы. В ответ на стимуляцию КСа-каналов мембраны эритроцитов животных экспериментальной группы с помощью Са2+-ионофора А23187 или редокс-системы наблюдались разнонаправленные изменения мембранного потенциала.Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что высокожировая и высокоуглеводная диета приводит к метаболическим и гемореологическим нарушениям, характерным для метаболического синдрома

Экспериментальная оценка влияния экзогенного монооксида углерода на клетки крови

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the carbon monoxide (CO) donor on the Ca2+-activated potassium permeability of the erythrocyte membrane and platelet aggregation ability.Materials and methods. Healthy volunteers (n = 27) and patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 32) of both sexes were examined. The material of the study was packed red blood cells and platelet-rich plasma obtained from patient’s venous blood. The change of Ca2+-dependent potassium conductivity of the erythrocyte membrane was evaluated by potentiometric method, and the platelet aggregation was studied by turbidimetric method. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) was used as a CO donor. The amplitude of A23187- and redox-induced hyperpolarization response (HR) of erythrocytes, and the rate and degree of platelet aggregation were estimated.Results. It was shown that the addition of CORM-2 (10 and 100 μM) in the erythrocyte suspension caused a dose-dependent decrease in the amplitude of A23187- and redox-dependent HR in healthy donors, as well as in patients with chronic CHD. The maximum decrease was observed in the presence of 100 μM CORM-2. The effect of CORM-2 at concentrations of 10 and 100 μM on collagen-induced platelet aggregation led to a decrease in the degree and rate of aggregation in healthy donors. The maximum effect was shown at 100 μM of CO donor. However, such an unambiguous effect of CORM-2 on the aggregation parameters in patients with CHD was not observed.Conclusion. The results suggest that CO has a significant effect on the ion transport function of the erythrocyte membrane and platelet aggregation activity of both healthy donors and patients with CHD.Цель исследования – изучить влияние донора монооксида углерода (СО) на Са2+-зависимую калиевую проницаемость мембраны эритроцитов и агрегационную способность тромбоцитов.Материалы и методы. Обследованы здоровые добровольцы (n = 27) и пациенты с хронической ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) (n = 32) обоего пола. Материалом исследования являлись упакованные эритроциты и обогащенная тромбоцитами плазма, полученные из венозной крови. Потенциометрическим методом изучали изменение Са2+-зависимой калиевой проводимости мембраны эритроцитов, турбидиметрическим методом – агрегационную активность тромбоцитов при действии донора СО (CORM-2). Оценивали величину А23187- и редокс-индуцированного гиперполяризационного ответа (ГО) эритроцитов, скорость и степень агрегации тромбоцитов.Результаты. В присутствии 10 и 100 мкМ CORM-2 амплитуда А23187- и редокс-зависимого ГО здоровых доноров, как и пациентов с хронической формой ИБС, дозозависимо уменьшалась, причем максимальное снижение отмечено в присутствии 100 мкМ донора СО. Воздействие CORM-2 в концентрациях 10 и 100 мкМ на коллаген-индуцированную агрегацию тромбоцитов приводило к снижению степени и скорости агрегации у здоровых доноров, достигая максимального эффекта при 100 мкМ донора СО. Однако столь однозначного влияния CORM-2 на параметры агрегации у пациентов с ИБС не наблюдалось.Заключение. Полученные результаты указывают, что СО оказывает существенное влияние на ион-транспортную функцию мембраны эритроцитов и агрегационную активность тромбоцитов как здоровых доноров, так и пациентов с ИБС

Experimental estimation of the effects of exogenous carbon monoxide on blood cells

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the carbon monoxide (CO) donor on the Ca2+-activated potassium permeability of the erythrocyte membrane and platelet aggregation ability.Materials and methods. Healthy volunteers (n = 27) and patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 32) of both sexes were examined. The material of the study was packed red blood cells and platelet-rich plasma obtained from patient’s venous blood. The change of Ca2+-dependent potassium conductivity of the erythrocyte membrane was evaluated by potentiometric method, and the platelet aggregation was studied by turbidimetric method. Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) was used as a CO donor. The amplitude of A23187- and redox-induced hyperpolarization response (HR) of erythrocytes, and the rate and degree of platelet aggregation were estimated.Results. It was shown that the addition of CORM-2 (10 and 100 μM) in the erythrocyte suspension caused a dose-dependent decrease in the amplitude of A23187- and redox-dependent HR in healthy donors, as well as in patients with chronic CHD. The maximum decrease was observed in the presence of 100 μM CORM-2. The effect of CORM-2 at concentrations of 10 and 100 μM on collagen-induced platelet aggregation led to a decrease in the degree and rate of aggregation in healthy donors. The maximum effect was shown at 100 μM of CO donor. However, such an unambiguous effect of CORM-2 on the aggregation parameters in patients with CHD was not observed.Conclusion. The results suggest that CO has a significant effect on the ion transport function of the erythrocyte membrane and platelet aggregation activity of both healthy donors and patients with CHD

ROLE OF Na+, K+, 2Cl– -COTRANSPORTER AND POTASSIUM CONDUCTIVITY IN THE REALIZATION OF THE EFFECT OF CARBON MONOXIDE, IN THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF VISCERAL ORGANS

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the Na+, K+, 2Cl– -transport and potassium conductance, in the implementation of the effects of carbon monoxide in the SMC taenia coli and ureter of guinea pig.Materials and methods. The study was conducted by the method of double saccharose bridge. Was studied the effects of carbon monoxide donor CORM2 in ureter and smooth muscle of guinea pig of taenia coli, in normal Krebs solution, against inhibitor-bumetanide and potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA). Studied the effects of bumetanide in normal Krebs solution and the background of TEA.Main results. CORM2 causes inhibition of contractile activity of SMC taenia coli and guinea pig ureter. Its effect is weakened by bumetanide and TEA. Bumetanide causes inhibition of contractile activity of SMC taenia coli, and its effect is weakened by TEA.Conclusions. In this way, it shows that there are tissue-specific mechanisms of interrelation effects CO and ion conductivity

The role of CAMP-dependent signaling systems in regulation of electrical and contractile properties of smooth muscles of the ureter in hypoxia in guinea pigs

Aim. To study the features of regulating the electrical activity and mechanical tension of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the guinea pig ureter as modulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in hypoxia. Materials and methods. The effects of isoprenaline (100 μM), forskolin (1 μM), 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX, 100 μM) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA, 5 μM) on the contractile and electrical properties of isolated smooth muscle segments of the guinea pig ureter in normoxia and hypoxia were measured by the double sucrose bridge. Hypoxic conditions were created by placing the SMCs in Krebs solution containing (10.0 ± 0.2) vol. % O2. Results. It was found that an increase in the intracellular cAMP level caused by isoprenaline, the β-adrenergic receptor agonist, and activation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase IBMX, caused a decrease in the electrical and constrictor properties of the SMCs in the guinea pig ureter. The decrease in the level of oxygen in the perfusion solution resulted in the increase in the action potential amplitude and contraction of smooth muscles from the ureter. With an increase in the intracellular cAMP level, the activating effect of hypoxia on smooth muscle segments decreased. Inhibition of potassium conductivity of the ureteral SMCs with TEA in normoxia suppressed the cAMP-dependent processes induced by forskolin, whereas in hypoxia it caused the potentiation of an activating effect on the electrical activity and contractions of smooth muscle segments. Conclusion. Thus, the results suggest the involvement of cAMP-dependent signaling system in the influence of hypoxia on the electrical and contractile properties of ureteral SMCs. Modification of the intracellular cAMP level reduced the stimulatory effect of hypoxia on the smooth muscle strips of the ureter caused by increase in the ionic conductivity of the membrane and contributed to their adaptation to environmental conditions