The Mossbauer spectroscopy studies of epsilon to cementite carbides transformation during isothermal heating from as-quenched state of high carbon tool steel

This work presents results of investigations using the Mossbauer spectroscopy technique and their interpretation concerning transformation of ² to cementite carbides during tempering in relation to the previously conducted dilatometric, microscopic and mechanical investigations. Investigations were performed on 120MnCrMoV8-6-4-2 steel. The in°uence of the tempering time on nucleation and solubility of ² carbides, and on cementite nucleation and growth, was determined. The analysis of phase transformations during various periods of tempering using the Mossbauer spectroscopy technique made possible to reveal ¯ne details connected with the processes

The Mossbauer Spectroscopy Studies of Cementite Precipitations during Continuous Heating from As-Quenched State of High Carbon Cr-Mn-Mo Steel

This work complements the knowledge concerning the kinetics of cementite precipitation during tempering. Investigations were performed on 120MnCrMoV8-6-4-2 steel. The samples of investigated steel were austen- itized at the temperature of 900±C and quenched in oil. Then four of five samples were tempered. Tempering consisted of heating the samples up to chosen temperatures at the heating rate of 0.05±C/s and fast cooling after reaching desired temperature. This work presents the results of investigations performed carried out using the Mossbauer spectroscopy technique and their interpretation concerning cementite nucleation and growth during tempering. The values of hyperfine magnetic field on 57Fe atomic nuclei, determined for the third component of the Mossbauer spectrum as regards to its intensity, indicate that these are the components coming from ferro- magnetic carbides. Big differences in hyperfine magnetic fields coming from Fe atoms existing in the structure of carbides, measured on samples heated up to the temperatures of 80±C and 210±C, in comparison with values for 57Fe atoms precipitated from carbides during heating up to the temperaturę of 350±C and 470±C, allow to state that these are the carbides of different crystal structure. The influence of hardened steel heating temperature on cementite precipitation was determined. The Mossbauer spectroscopy was applied not only for magnetic hyperfine fileld studies, but also to analyze the values of quadrupole splitting and isomeric shift, which resulted in significant conclusions concerning the changes in cementite precipitations morphology, chemical composition and the level of stresses being present in this research

The Mossbauer spectroscopy studies of retained austenite

Purpose: of this paper: This paper completes the knowledge concerning the mechanisms of destabilization and properties of retained austenite. Investigations were performed on 120MnCrMoV8-6-4-2 steel, which was designed in 1998, in Phase Transformations Research Group of Department of Physical and Powder Metallurgy at the Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science at AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow. Design/methodology/approach: The samples of investigated steel were austenitized at the temperature of 900ºC and hardened in oil. Next, three from four samples were tempered. Tempering consisted of heating the samples up to chosen temperatures with a heating rate of 0.05ºC/s and, after reaching desired temperature, fast cooling. CEMS technique was applied for Mössbauer studies. Findings: Stabilized by heating up to 80ºC retained austenite, in the result of mechanical destabilization, transforms into low-temperature tempered martensite, with the structure of low bainite (into the structural constituent in which ε carbide exists). Research limitations/implications: The influence of the temperature, up to which the samples were heated during tempering, on the mechanical stability of retained austenite and on the products of its transformation, was determined. Practical implications: Changes occuring in retained austenite during tempering of steel of high hardenability (hardness), developed for potential applications on tools of enhanced wear resistance, were described. Originality/value: Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied not only for qantitative analysis of retained austenite, but also to analyze the values of quadrupole splitting and isomeric shift, what resulted in significant conclusions concerning the changes in its chemical composition, microstructure, and the level of stresses being present in it

Manganites at Quarter Filling: Role of Jahn-Teller Interactions

We have analyzed different correlation functions in a realistic spin-orbital model for half-doped manganites. Using a finite-temperature diagonalization technique the CE phase was found in the charge-ordered phase in the case of small antiferromagnetic interactions between $t_{2g}$ electrons. It is shown that a key ingredient responsible for stabilization of the CE-type spin and orbital-ordered state is the cooperative Jahn-Teller (JT) interaction between next-nearest Mn$^{+3}$ neighbors mediated by the breathing mode distortion of Mn$^{+4}$ octahedra and displacements of Mn$^{+4}$ ions. The topological phase factor in the Mn-Mn hopping leading to gap formation in one-dimensional models for the CE phase as well as the nearest neighbor JT coupling are not able to produce the zigzag chains typical for the CE phase in our model.Comment: 16 pages with 16 figures, contains a more detailed parameter estimate based on the structural data by Radaelli et al. (accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

Magnetic polarons in weakly doped high-Tc superconductors

We consider a spin Hamiltonian describing $d$-$d$ exchange interactions between localized spins $d$ of a finite antiferromagnet as well as $p$-$d$ interactions between a conducting hole ($p$) and localized spins. The spin Hamiltonian is solved numerically with use of Lanczos method of diagonalization. We conclude that $p$-$d$ exchange interaction leads to localization of magnetic polarons. Quantum fluctuations of the antiferromagnet strengthen this effect and make the formation of polarons localized in one site possible even for weak $p$-$d$ coupling. Total energy calculations, including the kinetic energy, do not change essentially the phase diagram of magnetic polarons formation. For parameters reasonable for high-$T_c$ superconductors either a polaron localized on one lattice cell or a small ferron can form. For reasonable values of the dielectric function and $p$-$d$ coupling, the contributions of magnetic and phonon terms in the formation of a polaron in weakly doped high-$T_c$ materials are comparable.Comment: revised, revtex-4, 12 pages 8 eps figure

Spatial Structure of Spin Polarons in the t-J Model

The deformation of the quantum Neel state induced by a spin polaron is analyzed in a slave fermion approach. Our method is based on the selfconsistent Born approximation for Green's and the wave function for the quasiparticle. The results of various spin-correlation functions relative to the position of the moving hole are discussed and shown to agree with those available from small cluster calculations. Antiferromagnetic correlations in the direct neighborhood of the hole are reduced, but they remain antiferromagnetic even for J as small as 0.1 t. These correlation functions exhibit dipolar distortions in the spin structure, which sensitively depend on the momentum of the quasiparticle. Their asymptotic decay with the distance from the hole is governed by power laws, yet the spectral weight of the quasiparticles does not vanish.Comment: 12 pages, 2 postscipt files with figures; uses REVTeX, to be published in Phys. Rev. B, Feb. 199

Bilayer manganites: polarons in the midst of a metallic breakdown

The exact nature of the low temperature electronic phase of the manganite materials family, and hence the origin of their colossal magnetoresistant (CMR) effect, is still under heavy debate. By combining new photoemission and tunneling data, we show that in La{2-2x}Sr{1+2x}Mn2O7 the polaronic degrees of freedom win out across the CMR region of the phase diagram. This means that the generic ground state is that of a system in which strong electron-lattice interactions result in vanishing coherent quasi-particle spectral weight at the Fermi level for all locations in k-space. The incoherence of the charge carriers offers a unifying explanation for the anomalous charge-carrier dynamics seen in transport, optics and electron spectroscopic data. The stacking number N is the key factor for true metallic behavior, as an intergrowth-driven breakdown of the polaronic domination to give a metal possessing a traditional Fermi surface is seen in the bilayer system.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, includes supplementary informatio