21,374 research outputs found
Pairing in Inhomogeneous Superconductors
Starting from a t-J model, we introduce inhomogeneous terms to mimic stripes.
We find that if the inhomogeneous terms break the SU(2) spin symmetry the
binding between holes is tremendously enhanced in the thermodynamic limit. In
any other model (including homogeneous models) the binding in the thermodynamic
limit is small or neglible. By including these inhomogeneous terms we can
reproduce experimental neutron scattering data. We also discuss the connection
of the resulting inhomogeneity-induced superconductivity to recent experimental
evidence for a linear relation between magnetic incommensurability and the
superconducting transition temperature, as a function of doping.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Locating the critical end point using the linear sigma model coupled to quarks
We use the linear sigma model coupled to quarks to compute the effective
potential beyond the mean field approximation, including the contribution of
the ring diagrams at finite temperature and baryon density. We determine the
model couplings and use them to study the phase diagram in the baryon chemical
potential-temperature plane and to locate the Critical End Point.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, conference paper from ISMD 201
Frictional Collisions Off Sharp Objects
This work develops robust contact algorithms capable of dealing with multibody nonsmooth contact
geometries for which neither normals nor gap functions can be defined. Such situations arise
in the early stage of fragmentation when a number of angular fragments undergo complex collision
sequences before eventually scattering. Such situations precludes the application of most contact
algorithms proposed to date
Asynchronous Variational Integrators
We describe a new class of asynchronous variational integrators (AVI) for nonlinear
elastodynamics. The AVIs are distinguished by the following attributes: (i)
The algorithms permit the selection of independent time steps in each element, and
the local time steps need not bear an integral relation to each other; (ii) the algorithms
derive from a spacetime form of a discrete version of Hamilton’s variational
principle. As a consequence of this variational structure, the algorithms conserve
local momenta and a local discrete multisymplectic structure exactly.
To guide the development of the discretizations, a spacetime multisymplectic
formulation of elastodynamics is presented. The variational principle used incorporates
both configuration and spacetime reference variations. This allows a unified
treatment of all the conservation properties of the system.A discrete version of reference
configuration is also considered, providing a natural definition of a discrete
energy. The possibilities for discrete energy conservation are evaluated.
Numerical tests reveal that, even when local energy balance is not enforced
exactly, the global and local energy behavior of the AVIs is quite remarkable, a
property which can probably be traced to the symplectic nature of the algorith
BCS-to-BEC crossover from the exact BCS solution
The BCS-to-BEC crossover, as well as the nature of Cooper pairs, in a
superconducting and Fermi superfluid medium is studied from the exact ground
state wavefunction of the reduced BCS Hamiltonian. As the strength of the
interaction increases, the ground state continuously evolves from a
mixed-system of quasifree fermions and pair resonances (BCS), to pair
resonances and quasibound molecules (pseudogap), and finally to a system of
quasibound molecules (BEC). A single unified scenario arises where the
Cooper-pair wavefunction has a unique functional form. Several exact analytic
expressions, such as the binding energy and condensate fraction, are derived.
We compare our results with recent experiments in ultracold atomic Fermi gases.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Revised version with one figure adde
Inhomogeneity-Induced Superconductivity?
A t-J-like model for inhomogeneous superconductivity of cuprate oxides is
presented, in which local anisotropic magnetic terms are essential. We show
that this model predicts pairing, consistent with experiments, and argue how
the macroscopic phase-coherent state gradually grows upon lowering of the
temperature. We show that appropriate inhomogeneities are essential in order to
have significant pair binding in the thermodynamic limit. Particularly, {\it
local} breaking of SU(2) spin symmetry is an efficient mechanism for inducing
pairing of two holes, as well as explaining the magnetic scattering properties.
We also discuss the connection of the resulting inhomogeneity-induced
superconductivity to recent experimental evidence for a linear relation between
magnetic incommensurability and the superconducting transition temperature, as
a function of doping.Comment: 4 pages, REVTEX, 4 jpeg figures. To appear in Europhys. Let
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