758 research outputs found
Photo-induced spin filtering in a double quantum dot
We investigate the spin-resolved electron dynamics in a double quantum dot
driven by ultrafast asymmetric electromagnetic pulses. Using a analytical model
we show that applying an appropriate pulse sequence allows to control
coherently the spin degree of freedom on the femtosecond time scale. It can be
achieved that the spin-up state is localized in a selected quantum dot while
the spin-down state remains in the other dot. We show that this photo-induced
spin-dependent separation can be maintained for a desired period of time.Comment: shortened, revised version 2 article published at Appl. Phys. Let
Binding energy of shallow donors in a quantum well in the presence of a tilted magnetic field
We present results of variational calculations of the binding energy of a
neutral donor in a quantum well in the presence of a magnetic field tilted
relative to the QW plane. Assuming that the donor is located in the center of
the QW, we perform calculations for parameters typical of a II-VI wide-gap
semiconductor heterostructure, using as an example the case of a rectangular
CdTe quantum well with CdMgTe barriers. We present the dependence of the
binding energy of a neutral donor on the tilt angle and on the magnitude of the
applied magnetic filed. As a key result, we show that measurement of the
binding energy of a donor at two angles of the magnetic field with respect to
the quantum well plane can be used to unambiguously determined the conduction
band offset of the materials building up heterostructure.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Dirac and Klein-Gordon particles in one-dimensional periodic potentials
We evaluate the dispersion relation for massless fermions, described by the
Dirac equation, and for zero-spin bosons, described by the Klein-Gordon
equation, moving in two dimensions and in the presence of a one-dimensional
periodic potential. For massless fermions the dispersion relation shows a zero
gap for carriers with zero momentum in the direction parallel to the barriers
in agreement with the well-known "Klein paradox". Numerical results for the
energy spectrum and the density of states are presented. Those for fermions are
appropriate to graphene in which carriers behave relativistically with the
"light speed" replaced by the Fermi velocity. In addition, we evaluate the
transmission through a finite number of barriers for fermions and zero-spin
bosons and relate it with that through a superlattice.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figure
Static polarizability of two-dimensional hole gases
We have calculated the density-density (Lindhard) response function of a
homogeneous two-dimensional (2D) hole gas in the static (omega=0) limit. The
bulk valence-band structure comprising heavy-hole (HH) and light-hole (LH)
states is modeled using Luttinger's kdotp approach within the axial
approximation. We elucidate how, in contrast to the case of conduction
electrons, the Lindhard function of 2D holes exhibits unique features
associated with (i) the confinement-induced HH-LH energy splitting and (ii) the
HH-LH mixing arising from the charge carriers' in-plane motion. Implications
for the dielectric response and related physical observables are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, IOP latex style, v2: minor changes, to appear in
NJ
Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot
Electron states are studied for quantum dots in a strained Si quantum well,
taking into account both valley and orbital physics. Realistic geometries are
considered, including circular and elliptical dot shapes, parallel and
perpendicular magnetic fields, and (most importantly for valley coupling) the
small local tilt of the quantum well interface away from the crystallographic
axes. In absence of a tilt, valley splitting occurs only between pairs of
states with the same orbital quantum numbers. However, tilting is ubiquitous in
conventional silicon heterostructures, leading to valley-orbit coupling. In
this context, "valley splitting" is no longer a well defined concept, and the
quantity of merit for qubit applications becomes the ground state gap. For
typical dots used as qubits, a rich energy spectrum emerges, as a function of
magnetic field, tilt angle, and orbital quantum number. Numerical and
analytical solutions are obtained for the ground state gap and for the mixing
fraction between the ground and excited states. This mixing can lead to valley
scattering, decoherence, and leakage for Si spin qubits.Comment: 18 pages, including 4 figure
Lande-like formula for the g factors of hole-nanowire subband edges
We have analyzed theoretically the Zeeman splitting of hole-quantum-wire
subband edges. As is typical for any bound state, their g factor depends on
both an intrinsic g factor of the material and an additional contribution
arising from a finite bound-state orbital angular momentum. We discuss the
quantum-confinement-induced interplay between bulk-material and orbital
effects, which is nontrivial due to the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling.
A compact analytical formula is provided that elucidates this interplay and can
be useful for predicting Zeeman splitting in generic hole-wire geometries.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Physical mechanisms of interface-mediated intervalley coupling in Si
The conduction band degeneracy in Si is detrimental to quantum computing
based on spin qubits, for which a nondegenerate ground orbital state is
desirable. This degeneracy is lifted at an interface with an insulator as the
spatially abrupt change in the conduction band minimum leads to intervalley
scattering. We present a theoretical study of the interface-induced valley
splitting in Si that provides simple criteria for optimal fabrication
parameters to maximize this splitting. Our work emphasizes the relevance of
different interface-related properties to the valley splitting.Comment: 4 pages, revised versio
Capacitance of Gated GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures Subject to In-plane Magnetic Fields
A detailed analysis of the capacitance of gated GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures
is presented. The nonlinear dependence of the capacitance on the gate voltage
and in-plane magnetic field is discussed together with the capacitance quantum
steps connected with a population of higher 2D gas subbands. The results of
full self-consistent numerical calculations are compared to recent experimental
data.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex. 4 PostScript figures in an uuencoded compressed file
available upon request. Phys. Rev.B, in pres
Longitudinal spin transport in diluted magnetic semiconductor superlattices: the effect of the giant Zeeman splitting
Longitudinal spin transport in diluted magnetic semiconductor superlattices
is investigated theoretically. The longitudinal magnetoconductivity (MC) in
such systems exhibits an oscillating behavior as function of an external
magnetic field. In the weak magnetic field region the giant Zeeman splitting
plays a dominant role which leads to a large negative magnetoconductivity. In
the strong magnetic field region the MC exhibits deep dips with increasing
magnetic field. The oscillating behavior is attributed to the interplay between
the discrete Landau levels and the Fermi surface. The decrease of the MC at low
magnetic field is caused by the exchange interaction between the electron
in the conduction band and the magnetic ions.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in InGaAs/InAlAs Quantum Wells
We designed and performed low temperature DC transport characterization
studies on two-dimensional electron gases confined in lattice-matched
InGaAs/InAlAs quantum wells grown by
molecular beam epitaxy on InP substrates. The nearly constant mobility for
samples with the setback distance larger than 50nm and the similarity between
the quantum and transport life-time suggest that the main scattering mechanism
is due to short range scattering, such as alloy scattering, with a scattering
rate of 2.2 ps. We also obtain the Fermi level at the
InGaAs/InAlAs surface to be 0.36eV above
the conduction band, when fitting our experimental densities with a
Poisson-Schr\"odinger model.Comment: Accepted in Applied Physics Letter
- …